Verbs
Verb āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে? āĻāϤ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāϰ āĻ āĻি āĻি?
āϝে āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻোāύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāϰ āĻাāĻ āĻāϰা/āĻšāĻā§া āĻŦুāĻাā§ āϤাāĻেāĻ Verb āĻŦāϞে। āϝেāĻŽāύ,come,go, eat, sleep, buy, sell, walk, run, see, play, write, give etc.
Verb āĻে āĻংāϰেāĻি sentence āĻāϰ āĻšৃāĻĻā§ āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§। Verb āĻাā§া āĻোāύ sentence āĻāĻ āύ āĻāϰা āϏāĻŽ্āĻāĻŦ āύā§।
The verb is an important part of speech. Without the verb, no sentence can be formed. It shows a physical or mental action.
Example:
- We play football.
- She writes a letter.
- He gave me a glass of water.
There are many types of verbs.
Some are discussed below:
1. Finite verb
2. Non-finite verb
3. Action verb
4. Auxiliary verb
5. Linking verb
Action verbs are two types:
Finite Verb:
Finite Verb āĻŦাāĻ্āϝেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύ verb āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻāĻ āύেāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে subject āĻāϰ number āĻāĻŦং person āĻāϰ āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝে āĻāĻ verb āĻāϰ form āύিāϰ্āϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰা āĻšā§।
A Finite verb can come as the main verb in a sentence, and it changes according to the tenses of the action and the number and person of the subject.
Example: Arif works in a bank.
Non-finite Verb:
Non-finite verb āĻāĻāύো main verb āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āύা। Non-finite verb āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ adjective āĻ āĻĨāĻŦা adverb āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰে āĻিāύ্āϤু verb āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āύā§।
Non-finite verbs can’t be main verbs.
Example: Coming home, I saw the man running away.
There are three types of non-finite verbs.
- Infinitives: to do, to eat, to drink, to dance
- Participles: doing, done, eating, eaten, drinking, drunk
- Gerunds: walking, swimming, running
Action verb:
Action verb, Subject āĻāϰ āĻাāĻāĻে āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖāύা āĻāϰে। āϝেāĻোāύ āĻাāĻāĻেāĻ action verb āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻāύা āĻāϰা āϝাā§।
Action verbs express actions. They complete the sentence and describe the subject’s action.
Example:
- I’ll do my work.
- She watches TV.
Action verbs are of two types.
Transitive Verb:
Transitive verb āϏāĻŦāϏāĻŽā§ āĻāĻāĻি direct object āĻĻাāĻŦি āĻāϰে। Direct object āύা āĻāϏāϞে āϝে āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāĻি āĻ āϏুāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āύ āĻŽāύে āĻšā§, āϏেāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে transitive verb āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§।
Example:
- He is watching (āĻāĻাāύে, āĻেāϞিāĻিāĻļāύ āĻāĻāĻি direct object. āĻāĻি āĻাā§া āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻ āϏুāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āύ।)
- I saw a (āĻāĻাāύে, Tiger āĻāĻāĻি object.)
Intransitive Verb:
Intransitive verb āĻāϰ āĻোāύ object āĻĒ্āϰā§োāĻāύ āĻšā§ āύা। āϤাāϰা āύিāĻে āύিāĻেāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
They don’t have a direct object.
Example:
- He reached.
- He goes to school.
Linking verbs:
Linking verb āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻāĻ āϏāĻāϞ verb āĻে āĻŦুāĻাā§ āϝেāĻুāϞো āĻোāύ āĻাāĻ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāύ্āύ āĻāϰে āύা āĻŦāϰং subject āĻāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻŦাāĻ্āϝেāϰ āĻŦাāĻি āĻ ংāĻļেāϰ āϝোāĻাāϝোāĻ āϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ āĻāϰে। āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ, Be verb āĻুāϞো āϝāĻāύ main verb āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে sentence āĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§ āϤāĻāύ āϏেāĻুāϞোāĻে Linking Verbs āĻŦāϞা āϝাā§।
Linking Verbs can behave both either main verbs or auxiliary verbs. They do not refer to actions, but represent a state of being, need, opinion, desire or senses. For example, be verbs (am, is, are, was, were, have, has, had….) are the example of no-action verbs. Smell, look, taste, sound, etc. are also called no-action verbs.
Example:
- He is a teacher.
- They have three children.
Auxiliary Verb:
Auxiliary Verb āĻšāĻ্āĻে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝāĻাāϰী verb। āϤাāϰা present participle āĻāĻŦং past participle āĻে āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে verb āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰāϤে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻāϰে। āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āύিāĻāϏ্āĻŦ āĻোāύ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āύা āĻĨাāĻāϞেāĻ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻāϰāĻŖāĻāϤ āĻĻিāĻ āĻĨেāĻে āĻŦাāĻ্āϝেāϰ āĻāĻ āĻŖ āύিāϰ্āĻŽাāύে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻূāĻŽিāĻা āϰā§েāĻে।
Auxiliary verbs are also called helping verbs. It helps another verb to form its mood, voice, tense, etc. They don’t have any meaning on their own, but they are very important to make the grammatical structure of the sentences. They help the main verbs.
They are two types:
Primary auxiliary:
Have, Do, and Be are known as primary auxiliaries.
Have
Have, has, had, having, had not .
Example: He has bought a new car. (āĻāĻাāύে has āĻāĻāĻি auxiliary verb)
Do
Do, does, done, to do, did, did not, does not, etc.
Example: He does not keep his work for tomorrow.
Be
Am, is, are, was, were, be, to be, been, was not, were not, etc.
Example: He is watching the tournament.
Modal Auxiliary:
Modal Auxiliary āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻŽুāϞ verb āĻāϰ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨāĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻŦিāϤ āĻāϰে āĻিāύ্āϤু āϤাāϰাāĻ āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝāĻাāϰী verb āĻšিāϏেāĻŦেāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§।
A modal auxiliary modifies the meaning of the main verb in some way. Shall, should, can, could, may, might, ought, ought to, will, would, must, etc. are known as modal auxiliary verbs.
Example:
- She may come home tomorrow.
- You should not run in the sun.
- You can take rest now.
Comments