Sentence sheet
Sentence āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে? āĻāϤ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāϰ āĻ āĻি āĻি?
Definition: āĻĒাāĻļাāĻĒাāĻļি āĻ āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨিāϤ āĻিāĻু āĻ āϰ্āĻĨāĻŦোāϧāĻ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻŦা āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āϏāĻŽāώ্āĻি āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϝāĻĻি āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖāĻাāĻŦে āĻŽāύেāϰ āĻাāĻŦ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻļ āĻĒাāϝ় āϤāĻāύ āĻ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āϏāĻŽāϏ্āĻিāĻে Sentence āĻŦা āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻŦāϞে। āĻāĻŦাāϰ, āĻĒাāĻļা āĻĒাāĻļি āĻ āϰ্āĻĨāĻŦোāϧāĻ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻāĻে āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻŽāύেāϰ āĻাāĻŦ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻাāĻŦে āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻļ āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰāĻে āύা āĻāĻŽāύ āĻšāϞে Sentence āĻŦা āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻŦāϞা āϝাāĻŦে āύা। āύিāĻে āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ āĻুāϞো āϞāĻ্āώ্āϝ āĻāϰুāύ।
Example:
Correct: We speak English everyday. (Here We is subject, speak is verb, English is object and everyday is an adverb)
Incorrect: I pen a have ( I āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻāĻŽি, Pen āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻāϞāĻŽ, a āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻāĻāĻি āĻāĻŦং have āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻāĻে। āĻāĻুāϞো āĻ āϰ্āĻĨāĻŦোāϧāĻ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻšāĻā§া āϏāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦেāĻ āĻংāϰেāĻিāϰ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ āĻāĻ āύāϰীāϤি āĻ āύুāϝাā§ী āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖāĻাāĻŦে āĻŽāύেāϰ āĻাāĻŦ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻļ āĻāϰāϤে āύা āĻĒাāϰাā§ āĻāĻাāĻে āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ/Sentence āĻŦāϞা āϝাāĻŦে āύা। )
Generally, there are two parts of a sentence: (āĻāĻāĻি Sentence āĻ āĻŽূāϞāϤ āĻĻুāĻি āĻ ংāĻļ āĻĨাāĻে- Subject & Predicate)
Subject and predicate āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে?
Subject: āĻোāύ Sentence-āĻ āϝে āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤি āĻŦা āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻোāύāĻিāĻু āĻŦāϞা āĻŦা āϞিāĻা āĻšāϝ় āϤাāĻে Subject āĻŦা āĻāϰ্āϤা āĻŦāϞে । In other words, āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে āϝে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰে āϤাāĻে Subject āĻŦāϞে। A Subject of a sentence is a person or thing about which something is said or written.
Predicate: āĻোāύ Sentence-āĻ subject āĻŦা āĻāϰ্āϤা āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āϝা āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§ āϤাāĻে Predicate āĻŦāϞে । And the Predicate that says what the Subject does.
In the above example ‘I’ is the subject and ‘speak English everyday’ is Predicate. A sentence usually starts with a subject and predicate comes.
Sentence āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāϰāĻেāĻĻঃ
āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻ āύুāϏাāϰে sentence āĻāϤ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāϰ?
āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻ āύুāϝাāϝ়ী āĻংāϰেāĻিāϤে Sentence āĻে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻĒাঁāĻ āĻাāĻে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰা āϝাā§। Sentences can be classified into five categories, according to their meaning.
They are:
- Assertive Sentence.( Declarative)
- Interrogative Sentence.
- Imperative Sentence.
- Optative Sentence.
- Exclamatory Sentence.
Assertive sentence āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে?
Assertive Sentence: āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻোāύো āĻŦিāĻŦৃāϤি āĻŦা āĻŦāĻ্āϤāĻŦ্āϝ āĻে Assertive Sentence (āĻŦিāĻŦৃāϤি āĻŽূāϞāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝ) āĻŦāϞে | An assertive sentence is a simple/general statement or assertion, it may be either affirmative or negative.
Structure: Subject + Verb + Object/Complement/Adverb/Adjective
Example:
- He is an intelligent boy. (Affirmative)
- They are not always happy. (Negative)
- Everybody should know English. (Modal auxiliaries)
Interrogative sentence āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে?
Interrogative Sentence: āϝে Sentence āĻĻিā§ে āĻোāύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻŦা āĻিāĻু āĻিāĻ্āĻেāϏ āĻāϰা āĻŦোāĻাā§ āϤাāĻে Interrogative Sentence āĻŦāϞে। An interrogative sentence asks questions about a person or thing(s). It always ends with a note of interrogation question mark (?).
There are two basic ways to form an interrogative sentence.
- Beginning with Auxiliary verbs (am, is, are, was, were, have, has, had) or modal auxiliaries (shall, should, will, would, can, could, may, might, etc.).
Structure: Auxiliary Verb+ Subject+ Verb Extension+ ?
Example:
- Do you study in university?
- Does he speak English?
- Did she drive a car?
- Should I go with you?
- Can you hear the sound?
- Don’t you like the dress? (Negative)
2. Beginning with some specific words like who, which, what, when, where, why, how, whom, how much, how many, etc. [These words are specially known as ‘WH’ questions.]
Example:
- How is your life going on?
- Who fixed the broken door?
- Whom do you like most in your family?
- What are you expecting from the training?
- What is the time now?
- How much money do you need to study abroad?
Imperative sentence āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে?
Imperative Sentence: āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āϝে sentence āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻāĻĻেāĻļ, āĻāĻĒāĻĻেāĻļ āĻŦা āĻ āύুāϰোāϧ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻļ āĻāϰা āĻšāϝ় āϤাāĻে Imperative Sentence āĻŦāϞে (Imperative sentence āĻāϰ Subject āĻāĻš্āϝ āĻĨাāĻে) | A sentence that expresses a request, command, order, advice, suggestion, etc. is an imperative sentence.
Structure: Subject (Invisible-āĻāĻš্āϝ) + Verb + Extension
Examples:
- Study attentively.
- Give me some water.
- Do it right now.
- Be honest and truthful.
- Come here
- Speak the truth.
- Never tell a lie.
- Do not laugh at others.
- Let me do I want.
Optative sentence āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে?
Optative Sentence: āϝে sentence āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻোāύ āĻāĻ্āĻা, āĻāĻাāĻ্āĻ্āώা āĻŦা āĻĒ্āϰাāϰ্āĻĨāύা āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻļ āĻāϰা āĻšāϝ় āϤাāĻে Optative Sentence āĻŦāϞে |
Structure: May + Subject + Verb + Extension
Example:
- May Allah bless you.
- May You be happy.
- May you prosper in your life.
- May you live long.
- Long live Bangladesh. (Can also be formed without ‘may’).
Exclamatory sentence āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে?
Exclamatory Sentence: āϝে sentence āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āĻোāύ āĻāĻāϏ্āĻŽিāĻ āĻāύāύ্āĻĻ-āĻŦেāĻĻāύা āĻāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻļ āĻāϰা āĻšāϝ় āϤাāĻে Exclamatory Sentence āĻŦāϞে |
Structure: Alas/ Hurrah/ Bravo/ What/ How etc. + Others
Example:
- Hurrah! We have won the game.
- Alas! He is no more.
- Hurrah! Our cricket team has won the series.
- Bravo! You have done a great job.
- What a talented boy he is!
- How sweetly the cuckoo sings!
- What a wonderful country Bangladesh is!
- Were I a Super Hero!
- What a pity!
- Fantastic!
- What a nice idea!
- Put that down now!
āĻāĻ āύ āĻ āύুāϏাāϰে Sentence āĻāϤ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāϰ?
Structure āĻ āύুāϏাāϰে Sentence āϤিāύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāϰ |
They are:
- Simple Sentence
- Complex Sentence &
- Compound Sentence.
Simple sentence āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে?
āϝে sentence-āĻ āĻāĻāĻি āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ subject āĻ āĻāĻāĻি āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ finite verb (āϏāĻŽাāĻĒিāĻা āĻ্āϰিāϝ়া) āĻĨাāĻে āϤাāĻে simple sentence āĻŦāϞে |
Example:
The boys play football. āĻ sentence-āĻ āĻāĻāĻি āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ subject “The boys” āĻ āĻāĻāĻি āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ finite verb “play football.
Complex Sentence āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে?
āϝে sentence-āĻ āĻāĻāĻি Principal Clause āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ āĻŦা āĻāĻাāϧিāĻ Subordinate Clause āĻĨাāĻে āϤাāĻে Complex Sentence āĻŦāϞে |
Example:
- Although he is rich, he is not happy.
- I know that he would help me.
āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽ sentence-āĻ”Although he is rich” – Subordinate Clause āĻāĻŦং “he is not happy”-Principal Clause. āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤীāϝ় Sentence-āĻ “I know”-Principal Clause āĻāĻŦং”that he would help me”– Subordinate Clause. āĻ āϤāĻāĻŦ Sentence āĻĻুāĻি Complex Sentence.
Subordinate Clause āĻিāĻাāĻŦে āĻিāύāĻŦো? Complex Sentence āĻিāĻাāĻŦে āĻিāύāĻŦো?
Subordinate Clause/Complex Sentence āĻিāĻাāĻŦে āĻিāύāĻŦো?
Well, Subordinate Clause āĻāϰ āĻļুāϰুāϤে āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ if, though, although, as, because, since, so that, that, until, till, unless, when, why, which, who, where, how, before, after, whether, while āĻāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি word/connectors āĻŦāϏে|
N.B: āϤাāĻšāϞে āĻোāύ Clause-āĻ āĻāĻ word/connectors āĻুāϞো āĻĨাāĻāϞে āϏেāĻি Subordinate Clause āĻāĻŦং āϝে Sentence-āĻ Subordinate Clause āĻĨাāĻāĻŦে āϏেāĻা Complex Sentence. Take it easy bro………
Compound Sentence āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে?
āϝāĻĻি āĻোāύ Sentence-āĻ āĻāĻাāϧিāĻ Principal Clause and, but, or, yet, and, so, and so, therefore āĻāϤ্āϝাāĻĻি Co-ordinating Conjunction āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϝুāĻ্āϤ āĻšāϝ় āϤাāĻে Compound Sentence āĻŦāϞে|
Examples:
- He is meritorious but he could not get a job.
- Read or you will fail.
- I went there and found him reading
N.B: and āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϝুāĻ্āϤ Compound Sentence āĻāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦিāϤীāϝ় Subject (i)āĻি āĻāĻš্āϝ āĻĨাāĻে | (āĻāĻāϝ় Clause-āĻ Subject āĻāĻ-āĻ āĻšāĻāϝ়াāϰ āĻাāϰāĻŖে)
Comments