Tense Final sheet
āĻংāĻ˛িāĻļ āĻোāĻিং
HSC, SSC, JSC
Conducted by:
āĻ¨ূāĻ°ে āĻāĻ˛āĻŽ āĻ¸্āĻ¯াāĻ°
University of Dhaka.
Former lecturer BIT, South Point School & College
01750044274
Banasree & Siddeshwari Branch,
Dhaka
Tense
Tense āĻāĻŽāĻ°া āĻ¨াāĻ¨াāĻাāĻŦে āĻļেāĻাāĻ° āĻেāĻˇ্āĻা āĻāĻ°ি āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻŦাāĻ°āĻŦাāĻ° āĻুāĻ˛ে āĻ¯াāĻ।
āĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¯ি āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻি only proper methodology of teaching can solve this problem. āĻŦাāĻ্āĻাāĻ˛ীāĻ¤ো! āĻļুāĻĻ্āĻ§āĻাāĻŦে āĻŦাāĻ্āĻāĻ˛া āĻেāĻ¨ে Tense āĻļেāĻা āĻļুāĻ°ু āĻāĻ°া āĻāĻĸিā§ ।
āĻāĻ¸ুāĻ¨, āĻ¸াāĻŦāĻ˛ীāĻ˛ āĻ āĻ¸ুāĻ¨্āĻĻāĻ°āĻাāĻŦে āĻ¤āĻĨা āĻ¸āĻšāĻে āĻংāĻ°েāĻি āĻাāĻˇা āĻļেāĻাāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻŦাāĻ° āĻāĻে āĻ¯āĻĨাāĻ¯āĻĨ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻā§āĻ¨ে āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻাāĻˇাāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻļিāĻি!
āĻāĻŦি āĻুāĻ°ু āĻ°āĻŦীāĻ¨্āĻĻ্āĻ°āĻ¨াāĻĨ āĻ াāĻুāĻ° āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨āĻি āĻŦāĻ˛েāĻিāĻ˛েāĻ¨:
"āĻāĻে āĻাāĻ āĻŦাংāĻ˛া āĻাāĻˇাāĻ° āĻাঁāĻĨুāĻ¨ী, āĻ¤াāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻংāĻ°েāĻি āĻļেāĻাāĻ° āĻĒāĻ¤্āĻ¤āĻ¨!"
Definition of tense: Tense denotes the time of a verb.
Tense (āĻাāĻ˛): Tense āĻ
āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻাāĻ˛ āĻŦা āĻ¸āĻŽā§। āĻোāĻ¨ো āĻাāĻ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻĻāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻে tense āĻŦāĻ˛ে। āĻ˛্āĻ¯াāĻিāĻ¨ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ ‘tempus’āĻĨেāĻে tense āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻি āĻāĻ¸েāĻে। tempus āĻ
āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻ¸āĻŽā§।
Tense-āĻāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°āĻেāĻĻ (classification of tenses):
Verb-āĻāĻ° āĻাāĻ āĻ
āĻ¨ুāĻ¯াā§ী tense āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨āĻ¤ āĻ¤িāĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°। āĻ¯āĻĨা:
1. Present tense (āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ˛)
2. Past tense (āĻ
āĻ¤ীāĻ¤ āĻাāĻ˛)
3. Future tense (āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯ā§ āĻাāĻ˛)
Present tense (āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ˛):
āĻ¯ে āĻাāĻ āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻšā§ āĻŦা āĻšā§ে āĻĨাāĻে āĻŦোāĻাā§, āĻ¤াāĻে verb-āĻāĻ° present tense āĻŦা āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨:
They go to college everyday.
She has a nice pen.
He sometimes writes letters. Amreen draws pictures.
He is a student.
Past tense (āĻ
āĻ¤ীāĻ¤ āĻাāĻ˛):
āĻ¯ে āĻাāĻ āĻ
āĻ¤ীāĻ¤āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻšā§েāĻিāĻ˛ āĻŦা āĻāĻেāĻিāĻ˛ āĻŦোāĻাā§, āĻ¤াāĻে verb-āĻāĻ° past tense āĻŦা āĻ
āĻ¤ীāĻ¤ āĻাāĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: I went to school yesterday. He wrote a letter last week. He was a student. She had a nice pen. He drew a picture.
Future tense (āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯ā§ āĻাāĻ˛):
āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯ā§ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻোāĻ¨ো āĻাāĻ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻšāĻŦে āĻŦোāĻাāĻ˛ে, āĻ¤াāĻে verb-āĻāĻ° future tense āĻŦা āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯ā§ āĻাāĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: I will buy a car next year. Adreeta will go to Dhaka.
They will play football.
Sneha will be a doctor in future. He will have a nice car in future.
āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤্āĻ¯েāĻāĻি tense-āĻে āĻāĻŦাāĻ° āĻাāĻ° āĻাāĻে āĻাāĻ āĻāĻ°া āĻ¯াā§। āĻ¯āĻĨা:
1. Indefinite (āĻ
āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻĻিāĻˇ্āĻ)
2. Continuous/ Progressive (āĻāĻ˛āĻ¤ি āĻ
āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨা)
3. Perfect (āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻŦা āĻļেāĻˇ āĻ
āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨা) āĻ
4. Perfect continuous (āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦ āĻĨেāĻে āĻāĻ°āĻŽ্āĻ āĻšā§ে āĻāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻĨাāĻা)
Present tense (āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ˛):
1. Present indefinite tense/ Simple present tense: āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻোāĻ¨ো āĻাāĻ āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖāĻাāĻŦে āĻšā§ āĻŦা āĻšā§ে āĻĨাāĻে āĻāĻ°ূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāĻ˛ে verb-āĻāĻ° present indefinite tense āĻšā§। āĻিāĻ°āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¯, āĻ¨িāĻāĻ āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯ā§, āĻ
āĻ্āĻ¯াāĻ¸, āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻৃāĻ¤ি āĻŦোāĻাāĻ¤েāĻ present indefinite tense āĻšā§।
āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ি: Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb-āĻāĻ° present form āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšূāĻ¤ āĻšā§। āĻ¤āĻŦে subject (āĻāĻ°্āĻ¤া) third person singular number āĻšāĻ˛ে āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb-āĻāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে s āĻŦা es āĻ¯োāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšā§।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: 1) We live in Bangladesh.
2) The sun rises in the east.
3) Birds fly in the sky.
4) The rose smells sweet.
5) He does not sleep by day.
6) She reads the Quran everyday.
7) He is an engineer.
8) He has a nice pet cat.
9) Kabbo loves playing.
2. Present continuous tense/ Present progressive tense: āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻোāĻ¨ো āĻাāĻ āĻšāĻ্āĻে āĻŦা āĻāĻ˛āĻে āĻāĻ°ূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāĻ˛ে verb-āĻāĻ° present continuous tense/ Present progressive tense āĻšāĻ¯়।
The action that is going on right now is known as present continuous tense
āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ি: Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° person āĻ number āĻ
āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ে am, is, are āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb-āĻāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে ing āĻ¯োāĻ āĻšā§।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: 1) Mother is telling a story 2) The dog is barking. 3) Subha is singing a song. 4) Tanisha is composing a poem right now.
5) Now it is not raining. 6) Mahia is dancing right now.
7) Mahi is reading a story book at this moment.
8) We are learning tenses right now.
3. Present perfect tense:
āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻোāĻ¨ো āĻাāĻ āĻāĻ āĻŽাāĻ¤্āĻ° āĻļেāĻˇ āĻšā§েāĻে āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻĢāĻ˛ āĻāĻāĻ¨ো āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻāĻে, āĻāĻ°ূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāĻ˛ে verb-āĻāĻ° present perfect tense āĻšā§।
āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ি: Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° person āĻ number āĻ
āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ে have āĻŦা has āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb-āĻāĻ° past participle form āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšূāĻ¤ āĻšā§।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: 1) I have written a letter just now.
2) Abid has already drawn a picture.
3) They have recently been to London.
4) She has not married yet.
5) Sneha has already completed her homework.
6) Nehal has made a nice toy car.
4. Present perfect continuous tense: āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻোāĻ¨ো āĻাāĻ āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦ āĻĨেāĻে āĻāĻ°āĻŽ্āĻ āĻšā§ে āĻāĻāĻ¨ো āĻšāĻ্āĻে āĻŦা āĻāĻ˛āĻে āĻāĻ°ূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāĻ˛ে verb-āĻāĻ° present perfect continuous tense āĻšā§।
āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ি: Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° person āĻ number āĻ
āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ে have been āĻŦা has been āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb-āĻāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে ing āĻ¯োāĻ āĻšā§।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: 1) I have been reading for five hours.
2) It has been raining since morning.
3) He has been suffering from fever for seven days.
4) Rudaba has been reading since morning.
5) It has been drizzling for half an hour.
Past tense (āĻ
āĻ¤ীāĻ¤ āĻাāĻ˛)
1. Past indefinite tense/ Simple past: āĻ
āĻ¤ীāĻ¤ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻোāĻ¨ো āĻাāĻ āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖāĻাāĻŦে āĻšā§েāĻিāĻ˛ āĻāĻ°ূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāĻ˛ে verb-āĻāĻ° past indefinite tense āĻšā§।
āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ি: Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb-āĻāĻ° past form āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: 1) Faika went to college yesterday.
2) He did not go to school.
3) Arian ate chocolate biscuits yesterday. 4) Did you eat rice?
4) Naomi had a nice baby doll when she was a child.
Past continuous tense/ Past progressive tense:
āĻ
āĻ¤ীāĻ¤ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻোāĻ¨ো āĻাāĻ āĻšāĻ্āĻিāĻ˛ āĻŦা āĻāĻ˛āĻিāĻ˛ āĻāĻ°ূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāĻ˛ে verb-āĻāĻ° Past continuous tense āĻšā§।
āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ি: Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° person āĻ number āĻ
āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ে was āĻŦা were āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb-āĻāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে ing āĻ¯োāĻ āĻšā§।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨:1) Sumona was singing a song.
2) The moon was shining.
3) You were learning English.
4) Puspita was not dancing.
5) The Students were not making a noise.
6) Awsaf was playing a flute.
3. Past perfect tense:
āĻ
āĻ¤ীāĻ¤ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻ¸ংāĻāĻিāĻ¤ āĻĻুāĻি āĻাāĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻ¸ংāĻāĻিāĻ¤ āĻাāĻāĻিāĻ° verb-āĻāĻ° Past perfect tense āĻšā§ āĻāĻŦং āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻ¸ংāĻāĻিāĻ¤ āĻাāĻāĻিāĻ° verb-āĻāĻ° past indefinite tense āĻšā§।
āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ি: Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° had āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb-āĻāĻ° past participle form āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšূāĻ¤ āĻšā§।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: 1) The patient had died before the doctor came.
2) The train had left before we reached the station.
3) Tasnim reached home after the sun had set.
4) Faiza completed her homework after her mother had come.
5) Raisa had written an essay before her younger brother entered into the room.
Note: Before āĻāĻ° āĻāĻেāĻ° āĻ
ংāĻļāĻুāĻু past perfect āĻāĻŦং after āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ
ংāĻļāĻুāĻু past perfect tense āĻšā§।
4. Past perfect continuous tense: āĻ
āĻ¤ীāĻ¤ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻ¸ংāĻāĻিāĻ¤ āĻĻুāĻি āĻাāĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻ¸ংāĻāĻিāĻ¤ āĻাāĻāĻি āĻিāĻু āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻ¯াāĻŦāĻ¤ āĻāĻ˛āĻিāĻ˛ āĻāĻ°ূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāĻ˛ে verb-āĻāĻ° past perfect continuous tense āĻšā§।
āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ি: Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° had been āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb-āĻāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে ing āĻ¯োāĻ āĻšā§।
āĻ¯āĻĨা:1) The boys had been making a noise before the class began.
2) Mahfuz had been walking before the sun set.
3) Marjia had been doing the sums before you came.
4) It had been raining since last week.
Future tense (āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯ā§ āĻাāĻ˛)
1. Future indefinite tense:
āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯ā§ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻোāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖāĻাāĻŦে āĻ¸ংāĻāĻিāĻ¤ āĻšāĻŦে āĻāĻ°ূāĻĒ āĻŦোāĻাāĻ˛ে verb-āĻāĻ° future indefinite tense āĻšā§।
āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ি: Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° person āĻ number āĻ
āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ে shall āĻŦা will āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb-āĻāĻ° present form āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšূāĻ¤ āĻšā§। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨:
1) Zarif will go to Sirajganj next week.
2) Ahona will buy a book.
3) He will not learn English.
4) Will you play football?
5) Shahriar will have a luxurious car next year
6) Akash will be a pilot.
2. Future continuous tense:
āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯ā§ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻোāĻ¨ো āĻাāĻ āĻিāĻু āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻ§āĻ°ে āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĨাāĻāĻŦে āĻŦা āĻāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻĨাāĻāĻŦে āĻŦোāĻাāĻ˛ে verb-āĻāĻ° future continuous tense āĻšā§।
āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ি: Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° person āĻ number āĻ
āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ে shall be āĻŦা will be āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb-āĻāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে ing āĻ¯োāĻ āĻšā§। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨:
1) Kanta will be singing a song.
2) Subhana will be reading in the evening.
3) She will not be dancing.
4) Mahfuz will not be singing.
5) Will they be playing football?
6) Sumona will be writing an application tomorrow.
3. Future perfect tense:
āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯ā§ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻ¸ংāĻāĻিāĻ¤ āĻĻুāĻি āĻাāĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻ
āĻĒেāĻ্āĻˇাāĻৃāĻ¤ āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻ¸ংāĻāĻিāĻ¤ āĻাāĻāĻিāĻ° verb-āĻāĻ° future perfect Tense āĻšā§ āĻāĻŦং āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻ¸ংāĻāĻিāĻ¤ āĻাāĻāĻিāĻ° verb-āĻāĻ° Present/future indefinite tense āĻšā§।
āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ি: Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° person āĻ number āĻ
āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ে shall have āĻŦা will have āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb-āĻāĻ° past participle form āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšূāĻ¤ āĻšā§।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: 1) I will have done the sum before I go to school.
2) Aajman will have done the work by this time.
3) They will have reached home before the rain sets in.
4) Rudaba will have finished the work before her mother will come.
4. Future perfect continuous tense: āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯ā§ āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻ¸ংāĻāĻিāĻ¤ āĻĻুāĻি āĻাāĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻāĻāĻি āĻাāĻ āĻ
āĻĒāĻ° āĻাāĻāĻি āĻļুāĻ°ু āĻšāĻā§াāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦ āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻিāĻুāĻাāĻ˛ āĻ§āĻ°ে āĻāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻĨাāĻāĻŦে āĻŦোāĻাāĻ˛ে āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ী āĻাāĻāĻি future perfect continuous tense āĻšā§ āĻāĻŦং āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ী āĻাāĻāĻি Present/future indefinite tense āĻšā§।
āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻŖাāĻ˛ি: Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° shall have been āĻŦা will have been āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb-āĻāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে ing āĻ¯োāĻ āĻšā§।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨:1) Suhana will have been doing the sum before he arrives.
2) She will take rest after she will have been doing the work for two hours.
3) She will have completed her homework by tomorrow.
Note: uses of shall/ shall have/ shall have been almost omitted in tense in English grammar except obligation or permission.
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