71+ Spoken English Rules
Spoken English Rules with examples: Part 1
āĻŦাংāĻ˛া āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ে āĻোāĻ° āĻĻিāĻ¯়ে āĻিāĻু āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ˛ে āĻ¤āĻĨা “āĻ” āĻ¸āĻšāĻ¯োāĻে āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯, āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ (āĻāĻŽিāĻ, āĻ¤ুāĻŽিāĻ, āĻ¸েāĻ āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি)
Rule 1:
Structure: It is + subject āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨- I/you/he/she etc. + who + am, is, are etc. + Extension.
Example:
• āĻ¤ুāĻŽিāĻ āĻাāĻāĻি āĻāĻ°েāĻো
• It is you who have done the work.
* āĻāĻŽিāĻ āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻৃāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻ¨্āĻ§ু
It is I who am your genuine friend.
•āĻ¤ুāĻŽিāĻ āĻ¸ে āĻ¯াāĻে āĻāĻŽি āĻুঁāĻāĻিāĻ˛াāĻŽ
It is you whom I was looking for.
•āĻāĻŽিāĻ āĻ¤াāĻে āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻা āĻŦāĻ˛েāĻিāĻ˛াāĻŽ
It is I who told him so.
*āĻāĻ˛্āĻ˛াāĻš্āĻ āĻ¸āĻŦāĻিāĻু āĻ¸ৃāĻˇ্āĻি āĻāĻ°েāĻেāĻ¨।
It is Allah who has created everything.
* āĻ¤ুāĻŽিāĻ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻŽোāĻŦাāĻāĻ˛ āĻুāĻ°ি āĻāĻ°েāĻ
It is you who have stolen my mobile.
* āĻ°িāĻ¯়াāĻ āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻ¯েāĻ¤ে āĻŦāĻ˛েāĻিāĻ˛
It is Ria who told me to go
* āĻāĻ āĻŽেā§েāĻিāĻেāĻ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻ§āĻ°েāĻে।
It is the girl who has got fancy for me.
* āĻāĻāĻĻিāĻ¨ āĻ¤ুāĻŽিāĻ āĻāĻˇ্āĻ āĻোāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻŦে
It is you who will suffer one day
* āĻ¤ুāĻŽিāĻ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻেāĻ্āĻেāĻো
It is you who have broken my heart
* āĻ¤ুāĻŽিāĻ āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāĻ° āĻংāĻ°েāĻি āĻীāĻ¤ি āĻĻূāĻ° āĻāĻ°েāĻো
It is you who has broken our scary in English.
Spoken Rule-2
Feel like – āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻāĻ°া/āĻāĻাāĻ্āĻা āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļ āĻāĻ°া
āĻĒ্āĻ°ā§োāĻ āĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°: āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻোāĻ¨ āĻিāĻুāĻ° “āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻāĻ°āĻ˛ে” Feel like āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšāĻŦে
Structure: Subject + feel like + Verb (ing) + Extension.
Example
āĻিāĻু āĻুāĻ°ুāĻ¤্āĻŦāĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖ Translations:
feel like + V(ing) = āĻāĻ্āĻে āĻāĻ°āĻে.....
āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻে āĻĻেāĻāĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻে āĻāĻ°āĻে।
= I feel like seeing you.
āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻে āĻā§িā§ে āĻ§āĻ°ে āĻাঁāĻĻāĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻে āĻāĻ°āĻে।
= I feel like crying (by) hugging you.
āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻে āĻāĻ°āĻে।
= I feel like talking to you.
āĻ¤োāĻ°ে āĻ˛াāĻĨি āĻŽাāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻে āĻāĻ°āĻে।
= I feel like kicking you.
āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻŦৃāĻˇ্āĻিāĻ¤ে āĻিāĻāĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻে āĻāĻ°āĻে।
= I feel like getting wet in the rain.
āĻিāĻ˛্āĻ˛াāĻā§া āĻাঁāĻĻāĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻে āĻāĻ°āĻে।
= I feel like crying (by) screaming.
āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻুāĻ˛ āĻিā§āĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻে āĻāĻ°āĻে।
= I feel like tearing my hair out.
• I feel like singing- āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻাāĻ¨ āĻাāĻāĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻāĻ°āĻে
✪ I feel like eating – āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻেāĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻāĻ°āĻে।
✪ I don’t feel like eating – āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻেāĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻāĻ°āĻে āĻ¨া।
✪ Do you feel like eating? – āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻি āĻেāĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻāĻ°āĻে?
✪ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻংāĻ°েāĻি āĻļেāĻাāĻ° āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻāĻ°āĻে।
I feel like learning English.
✪ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻāĻ্āĻ¸āĻŦাāĻাāĻ° āĻুāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻাāĻāĻে।
I feel like roaming around in Cox’s bazaar.
✪ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻĒাāĻিāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻā§āĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻāĻ°āĻে।
I feel like flying like a bird.
✪ āĻāĻ¨āĻ¨্āĻĻে āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻাঁāĻĻāĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻāĻ°āĻে।
I feel like crying for joy.
✪ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻāĻ āĻোāĻ¨āĻিāĻুāĻ āĻাāĻ˛ āĻ˛াāĻāĻেāĻ¨া।
I don’t feel like doing anything today.
✪ āĻāĻāĻ āĻāĻĨা āĻŦাāĻ°āĻŦাāĻ° āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻāĻ°āĻেāĻ¨া।
I don’t feel like saying the same word time and again.
✪ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻāĻ āĻŽুāĻšুāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻ āĻāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻিāĻāĻেāĻ¨া।
I don’t feel like staying any longer here.
āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻে āĻĨাāĻĒā§াāĻ¤ে āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻāĻ°āĻে।
= I feel like spanking / slapping you.
Spoken Rule- 3
How about – āĻেāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻšā§?
Structure: How about + verb (ing) + extension.
Examples:
• āĻāĻāĻা āĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻিāĻ¨āĻ˛ে āĻেāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¯়- How about buying a bike?
✪ āĻāĻŽ্āĻĒিāĻāĻাāĻ° āĻļিāĻāĻ˛ে āĻেāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻšā§?
How about learning computer?
✪ āĻāĻāĻু āĻāĻ°āĻŽ āĻāĻ°āĻŽ āĻāĻĢি āĻেāĻ˛ে āĻেāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻšā§?
How about having some hot cofee?
✪ āĻāĻ āĻŦৃāĻˇ্āĻিāĻ¤ে āĻিāĻুāĻ°ি āĻেāĻ˛ে āĻেāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻšā§?
How about having hotchpotch in this rainy day?
✪ āĻ˛াāĻ˛āĻŦাāĻ āĻেāĻ˛্āĻ˛াā§ āĻŦিāĻাāĻ˛āĻা āĻাāĻাāĻ˛ে āĻেāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻšā§?
How about spending time in lalbag fort?
✪ āĻļāĻ°ীāĻ°āĻা āĻŽ্āĻ¯াāĻ āĻŽ্āĻ¯াāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻে, āĻāĻ āĻাāĻĒ āĻা āĻেāĻ˛ে āĻেāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻšā§?
Feeling uncomfort, how about taking a cup of tea?
✪ āĻŦাā§িāĻা āĻুāĻ°ে āĻĢিāĻ°ে āĻĻেāĻāĻ˛ে āĻেāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻšā§?
How about hanging around the house?
✪ āĻĒāĻ°ীāĻ্āĻˇাāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻিāĻ˛্āĻ˛াā§ (āĻ¤াāĻŦāĻ˛িāĻে) āĻেāĻ˛ে āĻেāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻšā§?
How about going to tablig after exam?
Spoken Rule- 4
As well as – āĻ¸েāĻāĻ¸াāĻĨে/āĻāĻাāĻ āĻāĻাāĻ
āĻŦাংāĻ˛া āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ে āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া “āĻ¸েāĻāĻ¸াāĻĨে/āĻāĻাāĻ āĻāĻাāĻ” āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে āĻাāĻāĻ˛ে As well as āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšā§।
Structure: Subject + verb + as well as + Extension.
Example:
✪ āĻŽেā§েāĻি āĻ¸ুāĻ¨্āĻĻāĻ°ী āĻāĻŦং āĻ¸েāĻ āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻŦুāĻĻ্āĻ§িāĻŽāĻ¤ীāĻ
The girl is beautiful as well as intelligent
✪ āĻ¸ে āĻংāĻ°েāĻি āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে āĻāĻŦং āĻ¸েāĻ āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻšিāĻ¨্āĻĻিāĻ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে
He can speak in English as well as hindi.
✪ āĻ¸ে āĻāĻāĻāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ˛ো āĻļিāĻ্āĻˇāĻāĻ āĻাāĻ˛ো āĻ˛েāĻāĻāĻ
He is a good teacher as well as good writer.
✪ āĻ¸ে āĻ¸ুāĻ¨্āĻĻāĻ°ী āĻŽেā§েāĻ āĻাā§ āĻ¯ৌāĻ¤ুāĻāĻ āĻাā§
He wants beautiful girl as well as dowry.
Spoken Rule-5
How come (āĻি āĻাāĻ°āĻ¨ে/āĻিāĻাāĻŦে…..?)
Structure: How come + (subject + verb)
Example:
✪ How come you are so upset? – āĻি āĻাāĻ°āĻ¨ে āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻāĻ¤āĻা āĻšāĻ¤াāĻļ ?
✪ How come you made a great mistake? – āĻিāĻাāĻŦে āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻāĻ¤āĻŦā§ āĻুāĻ˛āĻি āĻāĻ°āĻ˛ে ?
✪ How come you cannot make a decision? – āĻি āĻাāĻ°āĻ¨ে āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻোāĻ¨ āĻ¸িāĻĻ্āĻ§াāĻ¨্āĻ¤ে āĻāĻ¸āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ো āĻ¨া ?
✪ How come you prepare yourself for the BCS? – āĻিāĻাāĻŦে āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻ¨িāĻেāĻে āĻŦিāĻ¸িāĻāĻ¸ āĻāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¸্āĻ¤ুāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻŦে ?
✪ How come your company made a huge profit? – āĻিāĻাāĻŦে āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻোāĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻ¨ি āĻāĻ¤āĻা āĻ˛াāĻ āĻāĻ°েāĻিāĻ˛ ?
Spoken Rule-6
Yet to – āĻāĻāĻ¨ো āĻিāĻু āĻāĻ°িāĻ¨ি/āĻāĻ°েāĻ¨ি।
āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ে “āĻāĻāĻ¨ো āĻিāĻু āĻāĻ°িāĻ¨ি/āĻāĻ°েāĻ¨ি” āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯āĻ¤ে āĻāĻ°াāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻাāĻŦāĻ¨া āĻāĻে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ˛ে Yet to āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšā§।
Structure (āĻāĻ āĻ¨) : Subject + am, is, are + yet to + verb (base form) + Ext.
Example:
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻāĻ¨ো āĻাāĻāĻি āĻāĻ°িāĻ¨ি
I am yet to do the work
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻāĻ¨ো āĻŦিā§ে āĻāĻ°িāĻ¨ি
I am yet to marry.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻāĻ¨ো āĻ¨াāĻŽাāĻ āĻĒā§িāĻ¨ি
I am yet to say prayer
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻāĻ¨ো āĻ¤াāĻে āĻাāĻা āĻĻেāĻāĻ¨ি
I am yet to give him money
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻāĻ¨ো āĻŦাā§ি āĻ্āĻ°ā§ āĻāĻ°িāĻ¨ি
I am yet to buy the house
Spoken Rule-7
Having āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
āĻোāĻ¨ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻোāĻ¨ āĻিāĻু āĻ¨িā§ে āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¯া āĻšāĻ্āĻে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ˛ে āĻ āĻĨāĻŦা āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে “āĻā§া/āĻā§ে” āĻāĻ্āĻাāĻ°িāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ˛ে Having āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšā§।
Structure-1: Subject+ Be verb+ Having problem/trouble + Ext.
Structure-2: Having+ verb (past participle)+ Ext.
Example:
✪ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻুāĻŽেāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¯া āĻšāĻ্āĻে
I am having problem with sleep
✪ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻ˛্āĻ¯াāĻĒāĻāĻĒ āĻ¨িā§ে āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¯া āĻšāĻ্āĻে
I am having problem with my laptop
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻŦাāĻāĻāĻি āĻ¨িā§ে āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¯াā§ āĻĒā§āĻি
I am having trouble with my bike
✪ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻŽোāĻŦাāĻāĻ˛ āĻĻিā§ে āĻāĻাāĻāĻ¨্āĻ āĻেāĻ°িāĻĢিāĻেāĻļāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¯া āĻšāĻ্āĻে
I’m having trouble verifying my account with mobile.
✪ āĻāĻŽ্āĻĒিāĻāĻাāĻ° āĻļিāĻিā§া āĻāĻŽি āĻংāĻ˛্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻĄে āĻ¯াāĻŦ
Having learnt Computer I will go to England.
✪ āĻ āĻŽাāĻ¸েāĻ° āĻŦেāĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻĒেā§ে āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻāĻি āĻāĻāĻĢোāĻ¨ āĻিāĻ¨āĻŦ
Having got salary in this month I will buy a iPhone.
đSpoken Rule 8 to 18
đ āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ে, āĻ āĻ¤ীāĻ¤ে āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯āĻ¤ে āĻোāĻ¨ āĻŦাāĻ§্āĻ¯āĻŦাāĻ§āĻāĻ¤া ( obligation ) āĻŦুāĻাāĻ˛ে āĻ¯েāĻাāĻŦে āĻংāĻ°েāĻিāĻ¤ে āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻ¯়:
Rule 8 :āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ে āĻŦাāĻ§্āĻ¯āĻŦাāĻ§āĻāĻ¤া (obligation) āĻŦুāĻাāĻ˛ে Sub + am to / is to / are to + V1+ Extension
āĻĒ্āĻ°ā§োāĻ āĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ° : āĻŦাংāĻ˛া āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে " āĻ¤ে āĻšā§ " āĻĨাāĻāĻ˛ে
Structure: Subject + am/is/are + to + Principal verb (present form) + extension
Person settings: I => am , He/She/It =>is and They/We/ You=>are
Example:
āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻāĻ˛েāĻে āĻ¯েāĻ¤ে āĻšā§ = I am to go to college.
āĻ¤াāĻে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻĻিāĻ¨ āĻĻুāĻ§ āĻĒাāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšā§ = He is to drink milk every day.
āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻĻিāĻ¨ āĻŦ্āĻ¯াā§াāĻŽ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšā§ = You are to take exercise every day.
āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻংāĻ°েāĻি āĻļিāĻāĻ¤ে āĻšā§ = I am to learn English.
āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāĻ°āĻে āĻĻূāĻ°্āĻ¨ীāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ°ুāĻĻ্āĻ§ে āĻ°ুāĻে āĻĻাā§াāĻ¤ে āĻšā§ = We are to stand against corruption.
āĻāĻāĻāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻেāĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ¨াāĻāĻ°িāĻ āĻšিāĻ¸াāĻŦে āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻāĻা āĻŽেāĻ¨ে āĻāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻšā§ = As a conscious citizen I am to abide by it.
āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻĒিāĻ¤াāĻŽাāĻ¤াāĻ° āĻĻেāĻাāĻļুāĻ¨া āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšā§ = I am to look after my parents.
2. Rule : have / has + to = āĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§
āĻĒ্āĻ°ā§োāĻ āĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ° : āĻŦাংāĻ˛া āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে " āĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§ " āĻĨাāĻāĻ˛ে
Structure: Subject + have / has + to + Principal verb (present form) + extension
Person settings: I / You / We / They => have , He / She / It => has
Example:
āĻ¸ুāĻŽিāĻে āĻাāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§ = Sumi has to work.
āĻ¤াāĻে āĻŽিāĻিং āĻ āĻ ংāĻļāĻ্āĻ°āĻšāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§ = He has to attend meeting.
āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻাā§ি āĻাāĻ˛াāĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§ = I have to drive a car.
āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻংāĻ°েāĻি āĻļিāĻāĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§ = I have to learn English.
āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ āĻ¸āĻšাā§ āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇāĻĻেāĻ° āĻāĻĨা āĻাāĻŦāĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§ = We have to think about the helpless people.
āĻ¤াāĻে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤ি āĻ¸āĻĒ্āĻ¤াāĻšে āĻŦাā§ী āĻ¯েāĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§ = He has to go to village home in every week.
āĻীāĻŦāĻ¨ে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻˇ্āĻ িāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻেāĻ˛ে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤্āĻ¯েāĻেāĻ āĻāĻ োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻļ্āĻ°āĻŽ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšā§ = Everybody has to work hard to get established in life.
Rule : had to = āĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§েāĻিāĻ˛
āĻĒ্āĻ°ā§োāĻ āĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ° : āĻŦাংāĻ˛া āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে " āĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§েāĻিāĻ˛ " āĻĨাāĻāĻ˛ে
Structure: Subject + had + to + Principal verb (present form) + extension.
Person settings: I / We / They / He / She / It / You => had
Example:
āĻĢāĻ¯়āĻ¸াāĻ˛āĻে āĻাāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§েāĻিāĻ˛ = Faisal had to work.
āĻ¤াāĻে āĻāĻ¤āĻাāĻ˛ āĻŽিāĻিং āĻ āĻ ংāĻļāĻ্āĻ°āĻšāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§েāĻিāĻ˛ = He had to attend meeting yesterday.
āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻাā§ি āĻাāĻ˛াāĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§েāĻিāĻ˛ = I had to drive a car.
āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻāĻŽ্āĻĒিāĻāĻাāĻ° āĻাāĻ˛াāĻ¨ো āĻļিāĻāĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§েāĻিāĻ˛ = I had to learn to operate computer.
āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻংāĻ°েāĻিāĻ¤ে āĻŦāĻ্āĻ¤āĻŦ্āĻ¯ āĻĻিāĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§েāĻিāĻ˛ = I had to deliver speech in English.
āĻ¤াāĻে ā§§ā§¯ā§ā§§ āĻ¸াāĻ˛ে āĻāĻ āĻĻেāĻļ āĻেā§ে āĻāĻ˛ে āĻ¯েāĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§েāĻিāĻ˛ = He had to leave this country in 1971.
āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāĻ°āĻে āĻ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াā§েāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ°ুāĻĻ্āĻ§ে āĻ°ুāĻে āĻĻাঁā§াāĻ¤েāĻ āĻšā§েāĻিāĻ˛ = We had to stand against the injustice.
Rule : shall / will + have to = āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻāĻŦে / āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে
āĻĒ্āĻ°ā§োāĻ āĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ° : āĻŦাংāĻ˛া āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে " āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻāĻŦে / āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে " āĻĨাāĻāĻ˛ে
Structure: Subject + shall / will + have to + Principal verb (present form) + extension
Person settings: I / We => shall, He / She / It / They / You => will
Example:
āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻে āĻŦিāĻĒāĻĻে āĻ§ৈāĻ°্āĻ¯ āĻ°াāĻāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে = You will have to keep patience in danger.
āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻāĻĨা āĻ°াāĻāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে = I shall have to keep word.
āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻˇ্āĻ িāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻ˛ে āĻ āĻ¨েāĻ āĻ¸ংāĻ্āĻ°াāĻŽ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে = You will have to struggle a lot to get established.
āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāĻ°āĻে āĻ¨িāĻ āĻĻেāĻļেāĻ° āĻāĻĨা āĻাāĻŦāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে = We shall have to think our own country.
āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻে āĻĄিāĻিāĻাāĻ˛ āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻĻেāĻļ āĻā§াāĻ° āĻ˛āĻ্āĻˇ্āĻ¯ে āĻ āĻ¨েāĻ āĻ āĻŦāĻĻাāĻ¨ āĻ°াāĻāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে = You will have to keep contribution a lot at the aim of building Digital Bangladesh.
āĻāĻ āĻšোāĻ āĻŦা āĻাāĻ˛ āĻšোāĻ āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻংāĻ°েāĻি āĻļিāĻāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে = Today or Tomorrow I shall have to learn English.
āĻ¯েāĻোāĻ¨ āĻāĻĒাā§েāĻ āĻ¤াāĻে āĻŦিāĻĻেāĻļ āĻ¯েāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে = He will have to go abroad by any means.
āĻীāĻŦāĻ¨ে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻˇ্āĻ িāĻ¤ āĻšā§ে āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻāĻ°ীāĻŦ āĻ˛োāĻāĻāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻĒাāĻļে āĻĻাঁā§াāĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে = After being established in life I shall have to stand by the poor people.
Note : Generally we can use will with every person.
đĻSpoken Rule-9
Used to (āĻāĻ°āĻ¤াāĻŽ, āĻ¯েāĻ¤াāĻŽ āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি āĻ āĻ¤ীāĻ¤ āĻ āĻ্āĻ¯āĻ¸্āĻ¤ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে)
Structure: Subject + Used to + Verb (base form) + Ext.
Example
✪ I used to swim in the river.
āĻāĻŽি āĻ¨āĻĻীāĻ¤ে āĻ¸াঁāĻ¤াāĻ° āĻাāĻāĻ¤াāĻŽ।
✪ I used to live in Canada
āĻāĻŽি āĻাāĻ¨াāĻĄাā§ āĻŦাāĻ¸ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤াāĻŽ।
✪ I used to go to the park
āĻāĻŽি āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻে āĻ¯েāĻ¤াāĻŽ।
✪ I used to recite the Holy Quran
āĻāĻŽি āĻĒāĻŦিāĻ¤্āĻ° āĻোāĻ°āĻāĻ¨ āĻ¤েāĻ˛āĻā§াāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤াāĻŽ।
đĻSpoken Rule-10
Let alone = āĻ¤ো āĻĻুāĻ°েāĻ° āĻāĻĨা
āĻĒ্āĻ°ā§োāĻāĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ° : āĻাāĻāĻে āĻ¤াāĻ্āĻিāĻ˛্āĻ˛ āĻāĻ°ে āĻŦা āĻ āĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻ¯ে āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ে “āĻ¤ো āĻĻুāĻ°েāĻ° āĻāĻĨা” āĻĨাāĻāĻ˛ে Let alone āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšā§
Structure: Subject + verb + easy task + let alone + hard task
Example
✪ āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻŦাāĻāĻ¤ো āĻĻুāĻ°েāĻ° āĻāĻĨা āĻāĻāĻি āĻŦিā§াāĻ˛āĻ āĻŽাāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦে āĻ¨া
You will not be able to kill a cat let alone tiger
✪ āĻ¸ে āĻ˛েāĻাāĻ¤ো āĻĻুāĻ°েāĻ° āĻāĻĨা āĻংāĻ°েāĻিāĻ¤ে āĻāĻĨাāĻ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে āĻ¨া।
He cannot speak English let alone write
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻŽোāĻāĻ°āĻ¸াāĻāĻেāĻ˛ āĻ¤ো āĻĻুāĻ°েāĻ° āĻāĻĨা āĻ¸াāĻāĻেāĻ˛āĻ āĻাāĻ˛াāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°িāĻ¨া
I can’t drive cycle let alone a Motorcycle
✪ āĻ¸ে āĻĒāĻ°ীāĻ্āĻˇাā§ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻšāĻā§া āĻ¤ো āĻĻুāĻ°েāĻ° āĻāĻĨা āĻĒাāĻļāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦে āĻ¨া
He will not be able to pass the exam let alone stood first.
• āĻ¸ে āĻĻৌāĻĄ়াāĻ¨ো āĻ¤ো āĻĻূāĻ°ে āĻĨাāĻ, āĻšাঁāĻāĻ¤েāĻ āĻĒাāĻ°েāĻ¨া- He can't walk let alone run.
đĻSpoken Rule-11
Keep āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° (āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĨাāĻ, āĻ¯েāĻ¤ে āĻĨাāĻ……)
Structure: Keep + verb(ing)+, Sub+ will/ will be+v1 + Ext.
Example:
✪ āĻ˛েāĻে āĻĨাāĻ, āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻিāĻ¤āĻŦে
Keep staying, you will win
✪ āĻšাāĻ¸āĻ¤ে āĻĨাāĻো āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻ¸ুāĻী āĻšāĻŦে
Keep smiling, you’ll be happy.
✪ āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻ¯েāĻ¤ে āĻĨাāĻো, āĻāĻŽি āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻāĻ¸āĻŦো – Keep going, I’ll come later on.
✪ āĻ¨াāĻŽাāĻ āĻĒā§āĻ¤ে āĻĨাāĻ, āĻ¸āĻāĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¯াāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻĒাāĻŦে
Keep praying, you’ll get solution of all problems.
✪ āĻেāĻˇ্āĻা āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĨাāĻ, āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻ˛āĻ্āĻˇ্āĻ¯ āĻ āĻ°্āĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦে
Keep trying you will achieve your aim.
✪ āĻ āĻ¨ুāĻļীāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĨাāĻ, āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻংāĻ°েāĻিāĻ¤ে āĻ āĻ¨āĻ°্āĻāĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦে
keep practicing you’ll speak English fluently
đĻSpoken Rule-12
About to……..
(āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§ āĻšā§েāĻ āĻিā§েāĻিāĻ˛ āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻļেāĻˇ āĻŽুāĻšুāĻ°্āĻ¤ে āĻšā§āĻ¨ি)
Structure: sub+ auxiliary verb+ about to+ verb (base form)+ Ext.
Example:
✪ āĻ¸ে āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§ āĻŽāĻ°ে āĻিā§েāĻিāĻ˛ো ।
He was about to die
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§ āĻুāĻŽিā§ে āĻĒāĻ°েāĻিāĻ˛াāĻŽ।
I was about to fall asleep.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§ āĻĒৌāĻে āĻিā§েāĻিāĻ˛াāĻŽ
I was about to reach.
✪ āĻোāĻ°āĻাāĻে āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§ āĻ§āĻ°েāĻ āĻĢেāĻ˛েāĻিāĻ˛াāĻŽ।
I was about to catch the thief.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§ āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻে āĻĢোāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻ¯াāĻ্āĻিāĻ˛াāĻŽ
I was about to call you
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§ āĻাāĻুāĻ°িāĻা āĻĒেā§ে āĻিā§েāĻিāĻ˛াāĻŽ।
I was about to get the job.
đĻSpoken Rule-13
Spoken rule: What if
What if = (āĻি āĻšāĻ¤ো āĻ¯āĻĻি…..)
Structure: What if + (subject + verb)
Example:
✪ What if I miss the bus? = āĻি āĻšāĻ¤ো āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻāĻŽি āĻŦাāĻ¸āĻি āĻŽিāĻ¸ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤াāĻŽ?
✪ What if someone saw me? = āĻি āĻšāĻ¤ো āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻāĻŽাā§ āĻেāĻ āĻĻেāĻে āĻĢেāĻ˛āĻ¤?
✪ What if I didn’t understand the problem? = āĻি āĻšāĻ¤ো āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻāĻŽি āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¯াāĻি āĻ¨া āĻŦুāĻāĻ¤াāĻŽ?
✪ What if it rains while we are traveling?= āĻি āĻšāĻŦে āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ্āĻ°āĻŽāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻŦৃāĻˇ্āĻি āĻšā§?
✪ What if I didn’t complete the task? = āĻি āĻšāĻ¤ো āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻāĻŽি āĻাāĻāĻি āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ¨া āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻ¤াāĻŽ?
đĻSpoken Rule- 14
It’s high time- āĻāĻšাāĻ āĻāĻĒāĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§.
Structure : It’s high time to + verb+ extension
✪ āĻāĻাāĻ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¸্āĻ¤ুāĻ¤ি āĻ্āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻāĻĒāĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§|
It is high time to take preparation
✪ āĻāĻ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¯াāĻিāĻে āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°াāĻ° āĻāĻšাāĻ āĻāĻĒāĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§।
it’s high time to solve this problem.
✪ āĻংāĻ°েāĻি āĻļেāĻাāĻ° āĻāĻাāĻ āĻāĻĒāĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§।
It’s high time to learn English.
✪ āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻ্āĻ¯াāĻ°িā§াāĻ° āĻā§াāĻ° āĻāĻāĻ¨āĻ āĻāĻĒāĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§।
It’s high time to build your carrier.
✪ āĻāĻšাāĻ āĻāĻĒāĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāĻ° āĻাāĻ°াāĻĒ āĻ āĻ্āĻ¯াāĻ¸ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻ āĻāĻ°াāĻ°।
it’s high time to put away our bad habits.
đĻSpoken Rule- 15
Having a hard time – āĻāĻ িāĻ¨ āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻšāĻā§া।
Structure: Sub + having a hard time + (verb+ing) + Extention.
Example:
✪ I’m having a hard time spending with you- āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻাāĻাāĻ¨ো āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻāĻ িāĻ¨ āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻšāĻ্āĻে।
✪ I’m having a hard time explaining the issue- āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻŦিāĻˇā§āĻি āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻ্āĻ¯া āĻāĻ°া āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻāĻ িāĻ¨ āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻšāĻ্āĻে।
✪ I’m having a hard time finding the right answer- āĻ¸āĻ িāĻ āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¤āĻ°āĻি āĻুঁāĻে āĻĒাāĻā§া āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻāĻ িāĻ¨ āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻšāĻ্āĻে।
đĻSpoken Rule-16
I’m dying to + (verb)
Example:
✪ I am dying to have your love = āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻাāĻ˛āĻŦাāĻ¸া āĻĒেāĻ¤ে āĻāĻŽি āĻাāĻ¤āĻ° āĻšā§ে āĻāĻি।
✪ I’m dying to express my feelings = āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻ āĻ¨ুāĻুāĻ¤ি āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻŽāĻ°িā§া āĻšā§ে āĻāĻ েāĻি।
✪ I’m dying to take a cup of coffee = āĻāĻ āĻাāĻĒ āĻāĻĢি āĻাāĻā§াāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻāĻ° āĻ¤āĻ° āĻ¸āĻāĻে āĻ¨া।
✪ I’m dying to search for a new job = āĻāĻāĻি āĻ¨āĻ¤ুāĻ¨ āĻাāĻুāĻ°ি āĻুঁāĻে āĻĒেāĻ¤ে āĻāĻŽি āĻŽāĻ°িā§া āĻšā§ে āĻāĻ েāĻি।
đĻSpoken Rule-17
Supposed to…..(āĻšāĻā§াāĻ° āĻāĻĨা…. āĻāĻ°াāĻ° āĻāĻĨা)
Structure: Sub + am, is, are, was, were + supposed to+ verb1+ ext.
Example:
✪ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ্āĻে āĻĻেāĻা āĻāĻ°াāĻ° āĻāĻĨা।
I’m supposed to meet him.
✪ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻŦাā§িāĻ° āĻাāĻ āĻāĻ°াāĻ° āĻāĻĨা।
I am supposed to do homework.
✪ āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻĢোāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°াāĻ° āĻāĻĨা āĻিāĻ˛ ।
You were supposed to call me over the phone.
✪ āĻāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻāĻা āĻĨাāĻাāĻ° āĻāĻĨা āĻ¨ā§।
It’s not supposed to be here.
✪ āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻিāĻু āĻĒাāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°াāĻ° āĻāĻĨা āĻ¨া।
I’m not supposed to drink anything.
✪ āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāĻ° āĻি āĻāĻ°াāĻ° āĻāĻĨা?
What are we supposed to do?
đĻSpoken rule-18
Able to (āĻিāĻু āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ°্āĻĨ āĻšāĻā§া/āĻ¨া āĻšāĻā§া)
Structure: Sub + be able to + verb (base form)+ ext.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦো – I will be able to do.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻ¸āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦো – I will be able to come.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻ¯েāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦো – I will be able to go.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻ¸āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦো āĻ¨া – I won’t be able to come.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻ¯েāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦো āĻ¨া – I won’t be able to go.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻাāĻāĻি āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦো – I will be able to do the work.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻাāĻāĻি āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦো āĻ¨া – I won’t be able to do the work.
✪ āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻি āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦে? – will you be able to do?
✪ āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻি āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŦে āĻ¨া? – Won’t you be able to do?
Spoken Rule: 19
Because of being- āĻšāĻā§াāĻ° āĻাāĻ°āĻ¨ে
āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ে āĻšāĻā§াāĻ° āĻাāĻ°āĻ¨ে āĻĨাāĻāĻ˛ে Because of being āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšā§।
Example:
✪ āĻংāĻ°েāĻিāĻ¤ে āĻĻāĻ্āĻˇ āĻšāĻā§াāĻ° āĻাāĻ°āĻŖে āĻ¸ে āĻাāĻুāĻ°ি āĻĒেā§েāĻে।
He got the job because of being skilled in English.
✪ āĻ āĻ¸ুāĻ¸্āĻĨ āĻšāĻā§াāĻ° āĻাāĻ°āĻŖে āĻ¸ে āĻ āĻĢিāĻ¸ে āĻ¯েāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°েāĻ¨ি।
He couldn’t go to office because of being sick
✪ āĻŦাāĻাāĻ˛ āĻšāĻā§াāĻ° āĻাāĻ°āĻŖে āĻ¤াāĻে āĻেāĻ āĻĒāĻāĻ¨্āĻĻ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¨া।
Nobody likes him because of being talkative.
✪ āĻā§āĻ¸াāĻšিāĻ¤ āĻšāĻā§াāĻ° āĻাāĻ°āĻŖে āĻ¤াāĻ°া āĻেāĻ˛াā§ āĻিāĻ¤েāĻিāĻ˛।
They won the game because of being encouraged.
✪ āĻāĻāĻāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ˛ো āĻ āĻিāĻ¨েāĻ¤া āĻšāĻā§াāĻ° āĻাāĻ°āĻŖে āĻ¸ে āĻুāĻŦ āĻāĻ¨āĻĒ্āĻ°িā§
He is so popular because of being a good actor.
✪ āĻ§āĻ¨ী āĻšāĻā§াāĻ° āĻাāĻ°āĻŖে āĻ¸ে āĻাāĻāĻে āĻĒāĻ°োā§া āĻāĻ°েāĻ¨া
He doesn’t care anybody because of being rich.
Spoken Rule 20
For the sake of= āĻাāĻ¤িāĻ°ে, āĻ āĻ¨ুāĻ°োāĻ§ে।
āĻĒ্āĻ°ā§োāĻ āĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°: āĻোāĻ¨ āĻিāĻুāĻ° āĻাāĻ¤িāĻ°ে āĻŦা āĻাāĻ¨ে āĻিāĻু āĻāĻ°āĻ˛ে ।
Structure: Sub+ verb1 + object + for the sake of + verb(ing) ext.
Example:
✪ I come here for the sake of learning English.
āĻāĻŽি āĻংāĻ°েāĻি āĻļেāĻাāĻ° āĻাāĻ¤িāĻ°ে āĻāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻāĻ¸ি ।
✪ I visit your home for the sake of keeping kinship.
āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻ¤্āĻŽীā§āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻাāĻ¤িāĻ°ে āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻŦাā§িāĻ¤ে āĻŦেā§াāĻ¤ে āĻāĻ¸ি ।
✪ I come to swimming pull for the sake of learning swim.
āĻāĻŽি āĻ¸াāĻ¤াāĻ° āĻļেāĻাāĻ° āĻাāĻ¤িāĻ°ে āĻ¸ুāĻāĻŽিং āĻĒুāĻ˛ে āĻāĻ¸ি ।
Spoken Rule: 21
Can not but (āĻ¨া….āĻĒাāĻ°িāĻ¨া)
āĻŦাংāĻ˛া āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে “āĻ¨া….āĻĒাāĻ°িāĻ¨া” āĻĨাāĻāĻ˛ে Can not but āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšā§।
Structure: Sub + Can not but + verb + Ext.
*Sub + cannot help+ ing form of verb + Ext
Example:
✪ āĻāĻŽāĻ°া āĻাāĻ¤ āĻ¨া āĻেā§ে āĻĒাāĻ°িāĻ¨া। – We can not but eat rice./ We cannot help eating rice.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻোāĻ°ে āĻুāĻŽ āĻĨেāĻে āĻ¨া āĻāĻ ে āĻĒাāĻ°িāĻ¨া। – I can not but wake up early in the morning.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻ¤াāĻ°িāĻĢ āĻ¨া āĻāĻ°ে āĻĒাāĻ°ি āĻ¨া – I can’t but admire you.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻāĻĨা āĻ¨া āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻĨাāĻāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°িāĻ¨া। – I cannot but talk to him.
✪ āĻāĻŽāĻ°া āĻāĻ°ীāĻŦāĻĻেāĻ° āĻĒাāĻļে āĻ¨া āĻĻাā§িā§ে āĻĒাāĻ°িāĻ¨া। – We cannot but stand beside the poor.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻŦāĻ āĻ¨া āĻĒā§ে āĻĨাāĻāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°িāĻ¨া। – I cannot but read book.
Rule 22.
Could not but
āĻŦাংāĻ˛া āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে āĻ¨া “āĻĒাāĻ°āĻ˛াāĻŽ āĻ¨া/ āĻ¨া….āĻĒাāĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ¨া” āĻĨাāĻāĻ˛ে Could not but āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšā§।
Structure: Sub+ could not but + verb +Ext.
Example:
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻ¨া āĻšেāĻ¸ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻ˛াāĻŽ āĻ¨া – I could not but laugh.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻ āĻ¨ুāĻˇ্āĻ াāĻ¨ে āĻ¨া āĻিā§ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻ˛াāĻŽ āĻ¨া – I could not but go to the function.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻāĻā§া āĻ¨া āĻāĻ°ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻ˛াāĻŽ āĻ¨া – I could not but quarrel with him.
✪ āĻ¸ে āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻাāĻা āĻ¨া āĻĻিā§ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻ˛ āĻ¨া – He could not but give me money.
Spoken Rule 23
Where there = āĻ¯েāĻাāĻ¨ে….āĻ¸েāĻাāĻ¨ে
Structure: Where there + be verb + N/P + there + be verb + N/P + extension.
Example:
✪ āĻ¯েāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻāĻŖāĻ¤āĻ¨্āĻ¤্āĻ° āĻāĻে āĻ¸েāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻ¸ুāĻļাāĻ¸āĻ¨ āĻāĻে
Where there is democracy there is good governance
✪ āĻ¯েāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇ āĻāĻে āĻ¸েāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻ¸āĻ্āĻ¯āĻ¤া āĻāĻে
Where there are people there is civilization.
✪ āĻ¯েāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻŦāĻ¨্āĻ§ু āĻāĻে āĻ¸েāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻ¸āĻšāĻ¯োāĻিāĻ¤া āĻāĻে
Where there are friends there is cooperation.
✪ āĻ¯েāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻĻāĻ°িāĻĻ্āĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¤া āĻāĻে āĻ¸েāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻ āĻিāĻļাāĻĒ āĻāĻে
Where there is poverty there is curse.
✪ āĻ¯েāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻĒাāĻ¨ি āĻāĻে āĻ¸েāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻীāĻŦāĻ¨ āĻāĻে
Where there is water there is life.
Spoken Rule 24
Hardly/Rarely= āĻুāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻŽ/āĻāĻĻাāĻিā§/āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§āĻ āĻ¨া
āĻŦাংāĻ˛া āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ে āĻুāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻŽ/āĻāĻĻাāĻিā§/āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§āĻ āĻ¨া āĻ āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ¨েāĻেāĻিāĻ āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨ
āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļ āĻāĻ°āĻ˛ে Hardly āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšā§ ।
Structure: Sub + hardly + verb + object.
Example:
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻুāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻŽ āĻা āĻাāĻ ।
I hardly take tea.
✪ āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻāĻŽাāĻে āĻুāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻŽ āĻাāĻ˛োāĻŦাāĻ¸ ।
You hardly love me.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻুāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻŽ āĻিāĻি āĻĻেāĻি ।
I hardly watch TV
✪ āĻāĻĻাāĻ¨িং āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻে āĻĻেāĻাāĻ āĻ¯াā§ āĻ¨া
You are hardly seen these days.
✪ āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻāĻĻাāĻ¨িং āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻুāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻŦেāĻ° āĻšāĻ āĻ¨া।
You hardly hang out with me lately.
Spoken Rule 25:
If = āĻোāĻ¨ āĻļāĻ°্āĻ¤ āĻŦোāĻাāĻ¤ে
āĻĒ্āĻ°ā§োāĻāĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°: āĻোāĻ¨ āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨āĻাāĻ˛ে āĻোāĻ¨ āĻļāĻ°্āĻ¤ āĻŦোāĻাāĻ˛ে।
Structure: If+Sub+ verb1 +object +sub+ will+ verb1+Ext.
Example:
✪ āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻ¨া āĻāĻ¸, āĻāĻŽি āĻ¯াāĻŦ āĻ¨া।
If you don’t come, I won’t go.
✪ āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻ্āĻা āĻāĻ°, āĻāĻŽি āĻĢিāĻ°ে āĻāĻ¸āĻŦো।
If you promise, I will come back.
✪ āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻŦিāĻ¸ৃংāĻāĻ˛া āĻāĻ°, āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻে āĻļাāĻ¸্āĻ¤ি āĻĻেā§া āĻšāĻŦে।
If you create chaos, you will be punished.
✪ āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻšেāĻে āĻ¯াāĻ, āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻŦেāĻļি āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻ˛াāĻāĻŦে।
If you go on foot, it will take more time
✪ āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻ¸িāĻাāĻ°েāĻ āĻাāĻ, āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ° āĻ্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻ¸াāĻ° āĻšāĻŦে।
If you take cigarette, you will be attacked by cancer.
If = āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻ āĻŦাāĻ¸্āĻ¤āĻŦ āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļ āĻĒাā§
āĻĒ্āĻ°ā§োāĻāĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°: āĻোāĻ¨ āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻ āĻŦাāĻ¸্āĻ¤āĻŦ āĻāĻ্āĻা āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļ āĻĒেāĻ˛ে।
Structure: If + sub + were + object +,+ sub + would + verb (present form)+ object
Example:
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻ§āĻ¨ী āĻšāĻ¤াāĻŽ, āĻ¤াāĻšāĻ˛ে āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻা āĻāĻ°িāĻĻ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤াāĻŽ
If I were rich, I would buy this
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻĒাāĻি āĻšāĻ¤াāĻŽ, āĻ¤াāĻšāĻ˛ে āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻাāĻļে āĻā§āĻ¤াāĻŽ
If I were a bird, I would fly in the sky
✪ āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻāĻŽি āĻ āĻ¸ā§ āĻšāĻ¤াāĻŽ, āĻ¤াāĻšāĻ˛ে āĻ¤াāĻে āĻ¸াāĻšাāĻ¯্āĻ¯ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤াāĻŽ āĻ¨া
If I were dishonest, I wouldn’t help him
✪ āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻ āĻ§্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻ¸াā§ী āĻšāĻ¤ে, āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻĒāĻ°ীāĻ্āĻˇাā§ āĻĢেāĻ˛ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻ¨া।
If you were persistent, you wouldn’t fail the exam.
If clause āĻি Past perfect tense āĻāĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ে
If clause āĻি āĻ¯āĻĻি past perfect tense āĻāĻ° āĻšā§ āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻ āĻĒāĻ° clause āĻšāĻŦে would have + main verb (past participle).
Structure: If+ Sub+ had+ verb3 + object+, + sub+ would have+ verb3 + object.
Example:
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻļাāĻŦাāĻŦāĻে āĻĻেāĻāĻ¤াāĻŽ, āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻ¤াāĻে āĻাāĻ¨াāĻ¤াāĻŽ।
If I had seen Sabab, I would have informed him.
✪ āĻāĻŽি āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻ¤াāĻে āĻĻেāĻāĻ¤াāĻŽ, āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻ¤াāĻে āĻ¨াāĻŽাāĻেāĻ° āĻĻাāĻā§াāĻ¤ āĻĻিāĻ¤াāĻŽ।
If I had seen him, I would have invited him to pray salat.
✪ āĻ¸ে āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻāĻ˛āĻŽ āĻুāĻ°ি āĻāĻ°āĻ¤, āĻ¤াāĻে āĻļাāĻ¸্āĻ¤ি āĻĻেā§া āĻšāĻ¤।
If he had stolen my pen, he would have been punished.
....................TO BE CONTINUED
Prepared by Noor E Alam
Spoken Rule 26:
āĻĒ্āĻ°ā§োāĻ āĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ° : " āĻিāĻু āĻāĻ°ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: āĻĻুāĻ¨িā§াāĻ° āĻĒিāĻে āĻুāĻ°ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ, āĻাāĻাāĻ° āĻĒিāĻে āĻুāĻ°ে āĻ˛া্āĻ āĻ¨েāĻ, āĻĒāĻ°āĻ¨িāĻ¨্āĻĻা āĻāĻ°ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ, āĻŦিāĻĻেāĻļ āĻিā§ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ " ।
Structure: It + is + no good + to + principal verb (present form) + extension
Example:
*āĻĸাāĻাāĻ¯় āĻিāĻ¯়ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ।
= It is no good to go to Dhaka
★ āĻāĻ āĻ¸্āĻুāĻ˛ে āĻিā§ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ।
= It is no good to go to school today.
★ āĻĻুāĻ¨িā§াāĻ° āĻĒিāĻে āĻুāĻ°ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ
= It is no good to run after (āĻĒিāĻে āĻোāĻ°া) the world.
★ āĻাāĻাāĻ° āĻĒিāĻে āĻুāĻ°ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ।
= It is no good to run after the money.
★ āĻŽিāĻĨ্āĻ¯া āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ।
= It is no good to tell lie.
★ āĻŦিāĻĻেāĻļ āĻিā§ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ।
= It is no good to go abroad.
★ āĻ āĻĒāĻ°েāĻ° āĻুāĻ¤ āĻ§āĻ°ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ।
= It is no good to pick at (āĻুāĻ¤ āĻ§āĻ°ে) others.
★ āĻĒāĻ°āĻ¨িāĻ¨্āĻĻা āĻāĻ°ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ।
= It is no good to backbite (āĻĒāĻ°āĻ¨িāĻ¨্āĻĻা āĻāĻ°া) .
*āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻĒিāĻāĻ¨ে āĻুāĻ°ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ
= It is no good to run after him.
*āĻŽāĻ°িāĻীāĻাāĻ° āĻĒিāĻāĻ¨ে āĻুāĻ°ে āĻ˛াāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ।
=It is no good to run after the mirage.
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