Parts of speech
Parts Of Speech āĻাāĻে āĻŦāĻ˛ে.? āĻāĻ¤ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ° āĻ āĻি āĻি.?
Parts Of Speech (āĻĒāĻĻ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻāĻ°āĻŖ) :
Sentence āĻŦা āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤্āĻ¯েāĻāĻি word āĻŦা āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻেāĻ āĻāĻ āĻāĻāĻি Parts Of Speech āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
āĻ¯āĻĨা : I went to college regularly. āĻāĻাāĻ¨ে I / went / to / college/ regularly āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤্āĻ¯েāĻāĻি word āĻāĻ āĻāĻāĻি Parts Of Speech.
Parts Of Speech
-āĻāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°āĻেāĻĻ : Parts Of Speech āĻāĻ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°।
They are as follows:
1. Noun (āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ্āĻ¯)
2. Pronoun (āĻ¸āĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¨াāĻŽ)
3. Adjective (āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻŖ)
4. Verb (āĻ্āĻ°িā§া)
5. Adverb (āĻ্āĻ°িā§া āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻŖ)
6. Preposition (āĻĒāĻĻাāĻ¨্āĻŦā§ী āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§)
7. Conjunction (āĻ¸ংāĻ¯োāĻāĻ āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§)
8. Interjection (āĻāĻŦেāĻāĻ¸ূāĻāĻ āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§)
đšNoun āĻাāĻে āĻŦāĻ˛ে ? Noun āĻāĻ¤ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ° āĻ āĻি āĻি ?
đđ Noun ( āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ্āĻ¯ ) : āĻ¯ে Word āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻোāĻ¨ āĻিāĻুāĻ° āĻ¨াāĻŽ āĻŦুāĻাā§ āĻ¤াāĻে Noun āĻŦāĻ˛ে ।
Naming words are called nouns
āĻ¯āĻĨা : Rahi, Man, Ball, Pen, Dog, Hen, Bag, Dhaka, Tommy āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি ।
Noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°āĻেāĻĻ : Noun āĻĒাঁāĻ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ° ।
āĻ¯āĻĨা:
Proper Noun ( āĻ¨াāĻŽāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ্āĻ¯ )
Common Noun ( āĻাāĻ¤িāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ্āĻ¯ )
Collective Noun ( āĻ¸āĻŽāĻˇ্āĻিāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ্āĻ¯ )
Material Noun ( āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻ¤ুুāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ্āĻ¯ )
Abstract Noun (āĻুāĻŖāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ্āĻ¯)
Proper Noun ( āĻ¨াāĻŽāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ্āĻ¯ ) : āĻ¯ে Noun āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻোāĻ¨ āĻ¨িāĻĻিāĻˇ্āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤ি, āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻ¤ুু āĻŦা āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ¨াāĻŽ āĻŦুāĻাā§ āĻ¤াāĻে Proper Noun āĻŦāĻ˛ে । Special names are called Proper Nouns.
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ : Abir, Akhi, Sirajganj, Meghna āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি ।
Common Noun ( āĻাāĻ¤িāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ্āĻ¯ ) : āĻ¯ে Noun āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻāĻāĻ āĻাāĻ¤ীā§ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤ি, āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻ¤ুু āĻŦা āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻŖীāĻে āĻ¨া āĻŦুāĻিā§ে āĻ¸ে āĻাāĻ¤ীā§ āĻ¸āĻāĻ˛āĻে āĻŦুāĻাā§ āĻ¤াāĻে Common Noun āĻŦāĻ˛ে ।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ : Student, Book, Dog, Flower, Boy, Girl āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি ।
Collective Noun ( āĻ¸āĻŽāĻˇ্āĻিāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ্āĻ¯ ) : āĻ¯ে Noun āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻোāĻ¨ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤ি, āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻ¤ুু āĻŦা āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻŖীāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻˇ্āĻিāĻে āĻŦুāĻাā§ āĻ¤াāĻে Collective NounāĻŦāĻ˛ে । āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ : Committee, Class, Herd, Army, Club, Family āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি ।
Material Noun ( āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻ¤ুুāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ্āĻ¯ ) : āĻ¯ে Noun āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻোāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻĻাāĻ°্āĻĨেāĻ° āĻāĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°া āĻ¯াā§ āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¤ুু āĻāĻŖāĻ¨া āĻāĻ°া āĻ¯াā§āĻ¨া āĻ¤াāĻে Material Noun āĻŦāĻ˛ে ।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ : Oil, Water, Milk, Honey āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি ।
Abstract Noun (āĻুāĻŖāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ্āĻ¯) : āĻ¯ে Noun āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻোāĻ¨ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤ি āĻŦা āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻ¤ুুāĻ° āĻুāĻŖ, āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨা āĻŦা āĻাāĻেāĻ° āĻ¨াāĻŽ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻে Abstract Noun āĻŦāĻ˛ে । Names of quality are called Abstract nouns
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ : Courage, Freedom, Goodness, Kindness, Happiness, Beauty āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি।
B. PRONOUN (āĻ¸āĻ°্āĻŦāĻ¨াāĻŽ):- Noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻে Pronoun āĻŦāĻ˛ে । Words that are used instead of nouns are called pronoun. E
xamples(āĻāĻĻাāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ): He (āĻ¸ে,)You (āĻ¤ুāĻŽি), They(āĻ¤াāĻ°া),We (āĻāĻŽāĻ°া), Our (āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāĻ°)Us
(āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāĻ°),Mine(āĻāĻŽাāĻ°),Ours (āĻāĻŽাāĻĻিāĻেāĻ°),
Your (āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻ°), Yours(āĻ¤োāĻŽাāĻĻেāĻ°), His (āĻ¤াāĻ°,(āĻেāĻ˛ে āĻšāĻ˛ে)), Her (āĻ¤াāĻ°, āĻŽেā§ে āĻšāĻ˛ে)), Hers (āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ°, āĻŽেā§ে āĻšāĻ˛ে)), It (āĻāĻা),Its (āĻāĻ°), Them (āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ°, āĻেāĻ˛ে āĻšāĻ˛ে), Their (āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ°), Theirs( āĻ¤াāĻšাāĻĻেāĻ°āĻ), This (āĻāĻ), That (āĻ¯ে,āĻ), These (āĻāĻুāĻ˛ো), Who (āĻে), What (āĻি), Which (āĻোāĻ¨āĻি) āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি।
Adjective āĻাāĻে āĻŦāĻ˛ে ? Adjective āĻāĻ¤ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ° āĻ āĻি āĻি ?
Adjective ( āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻŖ ) : āĻ¯ে Word āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া Noun āĻŦা Pronoun āĻāĻ° āĻĻোāĻˇ, āĻুāĻŖ, āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨা, āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻ āĻ¸ংāĻ্āĻ¯া āĻŦুāĻাā§ āĻ¤াāĻে Adjective āĻŦāĻ˛ে । Describing words are called adjectives. āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ : 1. She is a beautiful girl. 2. My Shirt is white. 3. You have many friends. 4. He is happy.
Adjective āĻāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°āĻেāĻĻ : Adjective āĻাāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ° । āĻ¯āĻĨা :
Adjective of quality ( āĻুāĻ¨āĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻŖ )
Adjective of quantity ( āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŽাāĻŖ āĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻŖ )
Adjective of number ( āĻ¸ংāĻ্āĻ¯া āĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻŖ )
Pronominal Adjective ( āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŦāĻ¨্āĻ§ āĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻŖ )
1.Adjective of quality ( āĻুāĻ¨āĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻŖ ) : āĻ¯ে āĻ¸āĻāĻ˛ Adjective āĻোāĻ¨ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤ি āĻŦা āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻ¤ুুāĻ° āĻĻোāĻˇ, āĻুāĻŖ āĻ āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨা āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻে Adjective of quality āĻŦāĻ˛ে । āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ : beautiful, bad, good, ill āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি ।
2.Adjective of quantity ( āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŽাāĻŖ āĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻŖ ) : āĻ¯ে Adjective āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻোāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻ¤ুুāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িাāĻŖ āĻŦুāĻাā§ āĻ¤াāĻে Adjective of quantity āĻŦāĻ˛ে । āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ : some, little, few, many, much, enough āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি ।
3.Adjective of number ( āĻ¸ংāĻ্āĻ¯া āĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻŖ ) : āĻ¯ে Adjective āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻোāĻ¨ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤ি āĻŦা āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻ¤ুুāĻ° āĻ¸ংāĻ্āĻ¯া āĻŦুāĻাā§ āĻ¤াāĻে Adjective of number āĻŦāĻ˛ে । āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ : Two, Three, Ten, nine āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি।
4.Pronominal Adjective ( āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŦāĻ¨্āĻ§ āĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻŖ ) : āĻ¯ে Adjective āĻোāĻ¨ Noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻ Noun āĻāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻে Pronominal Adjective āĻŦāĻ˛ে । āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ : 1. This is my pen. 2. That is her book. 3. This is your pencil. āĻāĻাāĻ¨ে my, her āĻ your āĻ¯āĻĨাāĻ্āĻ°āĻŽে Noun pen, book āĻ pencil āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°েāĻ , āĻāĻুāĻ˛ো āĻšāĻ˛ Pronominal Adjective.
Verb āĻাāĻে āĻŦāĻ˛ে? Verb āĻāĻ¤ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ° āĻ āĻি āĻি?
Sentence āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻ¯ে āĻ¸āĻŦ Word āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻোāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ āĻāĻ°াāĻে āĻŦোāĻাāĻ¯় āĻ¤াāĻে Verb āĻŦāĻ˛ে। Doing words are called verbs.
Verb āĻāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°āĻেāĻĻ : Verb āĻĻুāĻ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°।
āĻ¯āĻĨা :
1. Finite Verb (āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻĒিāĻা āĻ্āĻ°িāĻ¯়া) : āĻ¯ে āĻ¸āĻŦ Verb āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻŦāĻ্āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻŦāĻ্āĻ¤āĻŦ্āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖāĻ°ূāĻĒে āĻļেāĻˇ āĻšāĻ¯়ে āĻ¯াāĻ¯় āĻ¤াāĻে Finite Verb āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
Example :
We go to school.
Kabir plays football.
Finite Verb āĻāĻ° āĻŦৈāĻļিāĻˇ্āĻ্āĻ¯ :
- Sentence āĻāĻ° āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖāĻ°ূāĻĒে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļ āĻĒাāĻ¯়।āĻŦāĻ্āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻŦāĻ্āĻ¤āĻŦ্āĻ¯ āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖাāĻ্āĻāĻ°āĻ°ূāĻĒে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ে।
- Subject āĻāĻ° Person, Number, Tense āĻ āĻ¨ুāĻ¯াāĻ¯়ী āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¯়।
Finite āĻāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°āĻেāĻĻ :
Finite Verb āĻĻুāĻ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°। āĻ¯āĻĨা :
a. Principal Verb (āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻ্āĻ°িāĻ¯়া) : āĻ¯ে Verb āĻ¨িāĻেāĻ āĻ¸্āĻŦাāĻ§ীāĻ¨āĻাāĻŦে āĻ āĻ¨্āĻ¯ Verb āĻāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻšাāĻ¯্āĻ¯ āĻাāĻĄ়াāĻ āĻ্āĻ°িāĻ¯়া āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻে Principal Verb āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
Example :
We recite holy Quran everyday.
They play in the field.
Principal Verb āĻāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°āĻেāĻĻ :
Principal Verb āĻĻুāĻ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°। āĻ¯āĻĨা :
I. Transitive Verb (āĻ¸āĻāĻ°্āĻŽāĻ āĻ্āĻ°িāĻ¯়া) :
āĻ¯ে āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¤ Verb āĻāĻ° Object āĻŦা āĻāĻ°্āĻŽ āĻĨাāĻে āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ°āĻে Transitive Verb āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
Example :
The baby is drinking milk.
I have bought a book.
Transitive Verb āĻāĻ° āĻŦৈāĻļিāĻˇ্āĻ্āĻ¯ :
- Subject āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦāĻ¸ে
- āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻি Verb āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻāĻ āĻŦা āĻāĻাāĻ§িāĻ Object āĻĨাāĻে।
- Tense āĻ Subject āĻāĻ° Person, Number āĻ āĻ¨ুāĻ¯াāĻ¯়ী āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ°ূāĻĒেāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻāĻে।
II. Intransitive Verb (āĻ āĻāĻ°্āĻŽāĻ āĻ্āĻ°িāĻ¯়া) : āĻ¯ে Verb āĻāĻ° Object āĻŦা āĻāĻ°্āĻŽ āĻĨাāĻে āĻ¨া āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ°āĻে Intransitive Verb āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
Example :
The girl went to school.
Birds fly in the sky.
Intransitive Verb āĻāĻ° āĻŦৈāĻļিāĻˇ্āĻ্āĻ¯ :
- āĻāĻ°া āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻ¯়āĻ Sentence āĻāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
- āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻোāĻ¨ো Object āĻĨাāĻে āĻ¨া।
- Tense āĻেāĻĻে Subject āĻāĻ° Person āĻ Number āĻ āĻ¨ুāĻ¯াāĻ¯়ী āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ°ূāĻĒেāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻāĻে।
b. Auxiliary Verb (āĻ¸াāĻšাāĻ¯্āĻ¯āĻাāĻ°ী āĻ্āĻ°িāĻ¯়া) : Sentence āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻ¯ে āĻ¸āĻŦ Verbs Principal Verbs āĻāĻ° āĻাāĻŦ āĻ āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖāĻ°ূāĻĒে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļ āĻāĻ°াāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ Principal Verbs āĻে āĻ¸āĻšাāĻ¯়āĻ¤া āĻāĻ°ে, āĻ¸ে āĻ¸āĻāĻ˛ Verb āĻে Auxiliary Verb āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
Auxiliary Verb āĻāĻ° āĻŦৈāĻļিāĻˇ্āĻ্āĻ¯ :
- Auxiliary Verbs Sentence āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯়ে āĻ¨িāĻে āĻোāĻ¨ āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¨া।
- Auxiliary Verbs Sentence āĻāĻ° āĻাāĻŦ āĻ āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে Principal Verb āĻে āĻ¸āĻšāĻ¯়āĻ¤া āĻāĻ°ে।
- Auxiliary Verbs Tense, Voice āĻ Mood āĻāĻ° āĻ°ূāĻĒ āĻāĻ āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ Principal Verb āĻে āĻ¸āĻšāĻ¯়āĻ¤া āĻāĻ°ে।
Auxiliary Verb āĻāĻ° āĻ¤াāĻ˛িāĻা :
am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been, have, has, had, shall, should, will, would, may, might, can, could, do, does, did, used (to), ought (to), need, dare (to)
Auxiliary Verb āĻāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°āĻেāĻĻ :
Auxiliary Verb āĻ¸āĻŽূāĻšāĻে āĻĻুāĻ āĻাāĻে āĻাāĻ āĻāĻ°া āĻ¯াāĻ¯়। āĻ¯āĻĨা :
I. Primary Auxiliaries/Tense Auxiliaries :
āĻ¯ে Verb āĻুāĻ˛োāĻে āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ে Helping āĻŦা Auxiliary āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻāĻ¨ো āĻāĻāĻ¨ো Ordinary Verb āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯় āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ°āĻে Primary Auxiliaries/Tense Auxiliaries āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
Primary Auxiliaries/Tense Auxiliaries āĻুāĻ˛ো āĻ¨িāĻŽ্āĻ¨āĻ°ূāĻĒ :
Verb to be : am, is, are, was, were
Verb to have : have, has, had
Verb to do : do, does, did
II. Modal Auxiliaries : āĻ্āĻ°িāĻ¯়া āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻĻāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে Mood āĻŦা āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¨োāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻ¯ে Auxiliaries āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯় āĻ¸েāĻুāĻ˛োāĻে Modal Auxiliaries āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
Modal Auxiliaries āĻুāĻ˛ো āĻ¨িāĻŽ্āĻ¨āĻ°ূāĻĒ :
shall, should, will, would, may, might, can, could, used (to), ought (to), dare (to), need
2. Non-finite Verb (āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻĒিāĻা āĻ্āĻ°িāĻ¯়া) : āĻ¯ে Verb āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻোāĻ¨ āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļ āĻĒাāĻ¯় āĻ¨া āĻāĻŦং Subject āĻāĻ° Number āĻ Person āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻ¯ে Verb āĻāĻ° āĻোāĻ¨ āĻ°ূāĻĒেāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¯় āĻ¨া āĻ¤াāĻে Non-finite Verb āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
Non-finite Verb āĻāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°āĻেāĻĻ :
Non-finite Verb āĻ¤িāĻ¨ āĻাāĻে āĻŦিāĻāĻ্āĻ¤।
āĻ¯āĻĨা :
a. Gerund : Gerund āĻšāĻ˛ verb+ing āĻ¯াāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে Noun āĻ Verb āĻāĻ° āĻļāĻ্āĻ¤ি āĻাāĻ āĻāĻ°ে। āĻāĻে Double Parts of Speech āĻ āĻŦāĻ˛া āĻšāĻ¯়।
Example :
Swimming is a good exercise.
Sleeping is necessary to life.
She is fond of reading poems.
b. Participle : Verb āĻ¯ে āĻ°ূāĻĒ āĻāĻāĻ¸āĻ্āĻে Verb āĻ Adjective āĻāĻ° āĻাāĻ°্āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻে Participle āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
Participle āĻāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°āĻেāĻĻ :
Participle āĻ¤িāĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°।
āĻ¯āĻĨা :
I. Present Participle : Verb āĻāĻ° ing form āĻ¯āĻāĻ¨ Verb āĻ Adjective āĻāĻ° āĻাāĻ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¤āĻāĻ¨ āĻ¤াāĻে Present Participle āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
Example :
The book is interesting.
II. Past Participle :āĻ¯ে Participle āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻ āĻ¤ীāĻ¤ে āĻোāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¯়েāĻে āĻŦোāĻাāĻ¯় āĻ¤াāĻে Past Participle āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
Example :
I got a decorated room.
Give me a written document.
III. Perfect Participle : āĻ¯āĻĻি Verb āĻāĻ° Past Participle āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে having āĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯়ে Adjective āĻ Verb āĻāĻ° āĻাāĻ°্āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ে āĻāĻāĻ¨ āĻ¤াāĻে Perfect Participle āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
Example :
The sun having risen, the fog disappeared.
c. Infinitive : Verb āĻāĻ° Present form āĻāĻ° āĻ াāĻে to āĻŦāĻ¸িāĻ¯়ে Infinitive āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻāĻ°া āĻšāĻ¯়।
Example :
To tell a lie is a great sin.
I come to see.......।
Adverb āĻাāĻে āĻŦāĻ˛ে ???
#Adverb: āĻ¯ে Word āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া verb, Adjective, Preposition, Conjunction āĻŦা āĻ āĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻোāĻ¨ Adverb āĻে āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇিāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻে Adverb āĻŦāĻ˛ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨- Daily, Today, Yesterday, Tomorrow, Now, Then (āĻ¤āĻāĻ¨), Late, Soon, slowly, Well, Here, Already, Always, Never, Ever, Sometimes, Quite, After, Before, Ago etc.
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āĻিāĻাāĻŦে/āĻāĻāĻ¨/āĻোāĻĨাā§ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া verb āĻে āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻļ্āĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻ˛ে āĻ¯ে āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¤āĻ° āĻĒাāĻā§া āĻ¯াāĻ āĻ¤াāĻ adverb.
[N.B: Adjective āĻāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে ly āĻ¯োāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻ˛ে Adverb āĻšā§। āĻāĻŦাāĻ° Noun āĻāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে ly āĻ¯োāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻ˛ে Adjective āĻšā§।]
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Sentence āĻāĻ° āĻļুāĻ°ুāĻ¤ে āĻŦা āĻļেāĻˇে adverb āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻāĻ°া āĻ¯াā§।
āĻ¸ে āĻ¸ুāĻ¨্āĻĻāĻ°āĻাāĻŦে āĻুāĻ°āĻāĻ¨ āĻ¤েāĻ˛āĻā§াāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে।
He recites the holy Quran perfectly.
āĻ¸āĻ°্āĻ¤āĻāĻ¤াāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāĻ˛।
Carefully speak.
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āĻিāĻু adverb (always, never, sometimes) sentence āĻ p.v āĻāĻ° āĻāĻে āĻŦāĻ¸ে।āĻ¸ে āĻ¸āĻ°্āĻŦāĻĻা āĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
He always speaks the truth.
āĻ¸ে āĻি āĻ¸āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŽā§/āĻ¸āĻ°্āĻŦāĻĻা āĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāĻ˛ে?
Does he always speak truth?
āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻāĻāĻ¨ো āĻŽিāĻĨ্āĻ¯া āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ¨া।
You never tell a lie.
āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻি āĻāĻāĻ¨ো āĻŽিāĻĨ্āĻ¯া āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ¨া?
Do you never tell a lie?
āĻŽাāĻে āĻŽাāĻে/āĻāĻāĻ¨āĻ-āĻ¸āĻāĻ¨āĻ āĻ¸ে āĻŦাā§িāĻ¤ে āĻ¯াā§।
He sometimes goes at home.
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āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ে adverb āĻāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ° āĻোāĻ° āĻĻিāĻ˛ে
Adverb + a.v + sub + p.v + āĻŦাāĻি āĻ ংāĻļ।
āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ āĻ¸ে āĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāĻ˛ে। (āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ + āĻ āĻোāĻ° āĻĻিāĻ্āĻে)
Always does he speak truth.
āĻ¤ুāĻŽি āĻāĻāĻ¨ো āĻŽিāĻĨ্āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻāĻ¨া। (āĻŦāĻ˛ + āĻ + āĻ¨া āĻোāĻ° āĻĻিāĻ্āĻে)
Never do you tell a lie.
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āĻāĻŦাāĻ° āĻেā§াāĻ˛ āĻāĻ°ুāĻ¨
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āĻāĻŽি āĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāĻ˛ি।
I speak the truth
āĻāĻŽি āĻ āĻ¤াāĻ (āĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāĻ˛ি)। (āĻāĻŽি āĻ¸āĻ°্āĻŦāĻĻাāĻ āĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāĻ˛ি)
Always/So do I.
āĻāĻŽāĻ°া āĻ¯াā§ āĻ¨া।
We do not go.
āĻ¤াāĻ°āĻ āĻ¤াāĻ (āĻ¯াā§ āĻ¨া)
Neither/Nor do they.
āĻāĻŽāĻ°া āĻāĻāĻ¨āĻ āĻ¯াā§ āĻ¨া।
We never go.
āĻ¤াāĻ°াāĻ
Never do they.
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āĻাāĻ˛ adjective āĻāĻ° āĻāĻে quite āĻŦāĻ¸ে।Quite (āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖāĻ°ুāĻĒে) adverb āĻি a.v āĻ p.v āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
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āĻāĻŽি āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒূāĻŖāĻ°ুāĻĒে āĻ¸ুāĻ¸্āĻĨ।
I am quite well.
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āĻ āĻļুāĻ āĻŦা āĻাāĻ°াāĻĒ adjective āĻāĻ° āĻāĻে very āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
āĻ¸ে āĻুāĻŦ āĻাāĻ°āĻĒ।/āĻ¸ে āĻĒুāĻ°াāĻĒুāĻ°ি āĻāĻ°াāĻĒ।
He is very bad.
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Too much/much too āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে noun āĻŦা particple āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
āĻ¸ে āĻুāĻŦ āĻŦেāĻļি āĻ্āĻ˛াāĻ¨্āĻ¤।
He is too much tired.
āĻāĻ āĻুāĻŦ āĻŦেāĻļি/āĻ āĻ¨েāĻ āĻ াāĻ¨্āĻĄা।
Today It is much too cold.
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Positive degree āĻāĻ° adjective āĻāĻে very āĻŦāĻ¸ে much āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻ¨া ।
āĻ¸ে āĻুāĻŦ āĻ¸ুāĻ¨্āĻĻুāĻ°।
He is very beautiful. (much beautiful āĻšāĻŦে āĻ¨া ।)
preposition āĻাāĻে āĻŦāĻ˛ে āĻāĻŦং preposition āĻāĻ° āĻাāĻ āĻী āĻ preposition āĻāĻ¤ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ° āĻি āĻি ?
Preposition :- ( āĻŦাংāĻ˛া āĻāĻŦং English ) āĻ¯āĻĻি Word, āĻোāĻ¨ Noun āĻŦা Pronoun-āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻāĻ্āĻ¤ Noun āĻŦা Pronoun-āĻāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻ āĻ¨্āĻ¯ Word-āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻে Preposition āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ – at, in, on, to, over, by, for, of, from, above, across, with, under, near, beneath, without, after, among, between, etc.
āĻ¸ুāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ°্āĻĨে āĻ¨িāĻŽ্āĻ¨ে preposition -āĻāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°āĻেāĻĻ āĻ āĻোāĻ¨ preposition āĻোāĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšূāĻ¤ āĻšā§ে āĻĨাāĻে āĻ¤া āĻ¤ুāĻ˛ে āĻ§āĻ°া āĻšāĻ˛।
Kinds of prepositions:
1. Simple preposition: āĻāĻāĻি āĻŽাāĻ¤্āĻ° word āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻāĻ িāĻ¤ preposition āĻšāĻ˛ simple preposition । āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ :
(a) At, by, on, with āĻāĻ preposition āĻুāĻ˛ো āĻšāĻ˛ āĻ¸্āĻĨিāĻ¤ি āĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻ্āĻ°িā§া āĻŦা verbs indication rest in place-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ : Rana is standing at the door now.
(b) To, from, for, of, through āĻ up āĻāĻ preposition āĻুāĻ˛ো āĻāĻ¤িāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻ্āĻ°িā§া āĻŦা verbs showing motion āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: Raju comes from his village.
2. Double preposition : āĻ¯āĻāĻ¨ āĻĻুāĻি Simple preposition āĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻšā§ে āĻāĻāĻি āĻāĻāĻ preposition – āĻāĻ° āĻ¨্āĻ¯াā§ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšূāĻ¤ āĻšā§ āĻ¤āĻāĻ¨ āĻ¤া āĻšāĻ˛ double preposition. āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: in+to=into, with+in=within, on+to=onto, with+out=without, up+on=upon, out+of=out of āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি।
3. Compound Preposition: Noun āĻŦা Adjective āĻŦা Adverb -āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে simple preposition āĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻšā§ে āĻ¯ে preposition āĻāĻ িāĻ¤ āĻšā§ āĻ¤া āĻšāĻ˛ Compound preposition āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
4. Participle Preposition: Present participle āĻŦা past participle āĻ¯āĻĻি preposition-āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§ āĻ¤āĻāĻ¨ āĻ¤া participle preposition. āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨- Concerning, considering, judging, regarding, repecting āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি participle preposition āĻ°ৃāĻĒে āĻŦāĻ¸āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে। Considering the circumstances you are right.
5. Phrase Preposition: āĻĻুāĻ āĻŦা āĻ¤āĻ¤োāĻ§িāĻ word -āĻāĻ° āĻŽিāĻ˛āĻ¨ে āĻāĻ িāĻ¤ phrase āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻāĻāĻিāĻŽাāĻ¤্āĻ° preposition -āĻāĻ° āĻ¨্āĻ¯াā§ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšূāĻ¤ āĻšā§ āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻ¤া prepositional phrase āĻŦা phrasal preposition āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: On account of, on the point of, in front of, in spite of, by means of, by dint of, for the sake of, in order to.
6. Disguised Preposition: āĻāĻāĻ¨āĻ āĻāĻāĻ¨āĻ on, in āĻ of -āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ে a āĻāĻŦং o āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšূāĻ¤ āĻšā§ āĻāĻŦং word -āĻāĻ° āĻļুāĻ°ুāĻ¤ে āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻāĻ°ূāĻĒ preposition āĻšāĻ˛ Disguised preposition āĻŦা āĻāĻĻ্āĻŽāĻŦেāĻļী āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: a hunting, ashore, ahead = a = on āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨাā§ āĻāĻাāĻ¨ে on āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ে a āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšূāĻ¤ āĻšā§েāĻে।
(a) Now, it is four o’clock. (o = of)
(b) Rana goes there once a week. (in a week)
7. Detached Preposition: Interrogative Preposition, Relative Pronoun āĻāĻŦং Interrogative adverbs āĻāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻāĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ prepositions āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻāĻে āĻ¨া āĻŦāĻ¸ে sentence āĻāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇে āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¤āĻāĻ¨ āĻ āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖেāĻ° prepositions āĻে Detached Preposition āĻŦāĻ˛ে।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨:
(a) What are you looking for?
(b) Where did you come from?
āĻāĻ¤āĻ্āĻˇāĻŖ āĻāĻŽāĻ°া āĻাāĻ¨āĻ˛াāĻŽ Definition of preposition, kind of preposition and its classified definitions and simple examples.
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āĻāĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻŽāĻ°া āĻাāĻ¨āĻŦো āĻāĻ¤িāĻĒā§ Preposition āĻ āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°:
1. At, in: āĻŦā§ āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻŦা āĻ¸āĻŽā§েāĻ° āĻāĻে in āĻāĻŦং āĻোāĻ āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻŦা āĻ¸āĻŽā§েāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে at āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨:
(a) My friends lives at Nurpur in Rangpur.
(b) Usually I get up from bed at 6 a.m. in the morning.
āĻ˛āĻ্āĻˇāĻŖীā§: āĻ¸āĻŽā§েāĻ° āĻāĻে in āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻāĻ°āĻ˛ে āĻ¤াāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° the āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু at āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻāĻ°āĻ˛ে the āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻ¨া।
2. In: āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাā§, āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ে, āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ে, āĻাāĻŦে, āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে, āĻ¸āĻŽā§ে āĻāĻ°ূāĻĒ āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে in āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨:
(a) The students are in the room.
(b) Sajal succeeded in life in difficulties.
(c) Uzzal is in the midst way to school.
(e) Ovi serves in the army.
3. In, into –In āĻĻিā§ে āĻāĻে āĻĨেāĻে āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻāĻŦং into āĻĻিā§ে āĻŦাāĻšিāĻ° āĻĨেāĻে āĻেāĻ¤āĻ°েāĻ° āĻĻিāĻে āĻāĻ¤ি āĻŦা āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻŦোāĻাā§। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: (a) The chair is in the room.
(b) He is putting the pen into his pocket.
4. In, on, to –āĻ¸ীāĻŽাāĻ¨্āĻ¤েāĻ° āĻেāĻ¤āĻ°ে āĻšāĻ˛ে in āĻāĻĒāĻ°ে āĻšāĻ˛ে on āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাāĻšিāĻ°ে āĻšāĻ˛ে to āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: (a) Comilla is in the east of Bangladesh.
(b) Tripura is on the east of Bangladesh.
5. In, after : āĻ āĻ¤ীāĻ¤ āĻাāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻĒāĻ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে (period of time) past tense-āĻ after āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯ā§ āĻাāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻĻিāĻˇ্āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ (pint of time) in āĻŦোāĻাāĻ¤ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšূāĻ¤ āĻšā§।
āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨: (a) My friend will come from London in a week.
(b) He returned after two months.
6. On: āĻāĻĒāĻ°ে, āĻাāĻŦে, āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাā§, āĻাāĻে, āĻ¤ে, āĻ¤ীāĻ°ে, āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ে, āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤ি, āĻেā§ে āĻŦাঁāĻা āĻŦোāĻাāĻ¤ে on āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨:
(a) The ball is on the table.
(b) The car is on hire.
(c) The cow live on grass.
(d) Dhaka stands on the Buriganga.
(e) This bike is on trail.
7. On, over : āĻ˛াāĻাāĻ˛াāĻি āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাā§ āĻāĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ˛ে over āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻāĻু āĻĢাঁāĻা āĻ°েāĻে āĻāĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ˛ে on āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšূāĻ¤ āĻšā§। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨:
(a) The book is on the table.
(b) The fan is over the head.
8. Since, from, for: āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻĻিāĻˇ্āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽā§েāĻ° āĻāĻে since āĻŦা from āĻāĻŦং āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻĒāĻ āĻ¸āĻŽā§েāĻ° āĻāĻে for āĻŦāĻ¸ে। Since āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻļুāĻ§ু āĻ āĻ¤ীāĻ¤েāĻ° āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻĻিāĻˇ্āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻāĻŦং from āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻ¸āĻŦ tense āĻāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻŦোāĻাā§। Since-āĻāĻ° āĻāĻে āĻ¸āĻ°্āĻŦāĻĻা perfect āĻŦা perfect continuous tense āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨:
(a) It has been raining since morning.
(b) He has been ill for a month.
(c) It has been raining for two hours.
9. In, by, before: āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯ā§ āĻাāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻĒāĻ āĻ¸āĻŽā§েāĻ° āĻāĻে in āĻāĻŦং āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻĻিāĻˇ্āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽā§েāĻ° āĻāĻে by āĻŦা before āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨:
(a) I shall have finished reading the story book by or before 9 p.m.
(b) Habib will come in a month.
10. By, with: āĻ¯ে āĻাāĻ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻāĻে By āĻāĻŦং āĻ¯াāĻ° āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻāĻে with āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨:
(a) This poem was written by Kamal with a parker pen.
(b) The snake was killed by me with a stick.
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āĻāĻŦাāĻ° āĻāĻŽāĻ°া āĻĻেāĻি single single preposition āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°:
#To āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻোāĻ¨ āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ে āĻāĻ¸া āĻāĻŦং āĻ¯াāĻā§া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ˛ে āĻ āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻāĻে to āĻŦāĻ¸ে।āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ i. He goes to school everyday. ii. He came to Bangladesh in 1971.
āĻ¨িāĻŽ্āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° to āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
incline, harmful, beneficial, injurious, according, accustomed, add, admit, adjacent, affectionate, attend, bar, cling, belong, close, commit, common, known, confined, congenial, contrary, dedicate, devote, expose, exceptional, yeld, grateful, hostile, indebted, introduced, irrelevant, liable, loyal,object, prefer, preferable, senior,junior, superior,talk, inferior, prone, refer, reply, speak, lead, eager,willing.
āĻŦিঃāĻĻ্āĻ°ঃ āĻāĻ¸া āĻāĻŦং āĻ¯াāĻā§া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ˛েāĻ home, abroad, here, there āĻāĻ° āĻāĻে to āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻ¨া।
āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ¤িāĻ্āĻ°āĻŽঃ From here to there.
ā§¨।āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ে V+āĻ¤ে / āĻ° = to+V1. āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ i. He told me to read a book. ii.I have nothing to give you.
ā§Š।āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻাāĻে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ˛ে āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻāĻে to āĻŦāĻ¸ে।āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He came to me.
ā§Ē।āĻ āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে to āĻŦāĻ¸ে।āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The food is to me test.
ā§Ģ।āĻ¸ীāĻŽাāĻ¨াāĻ° āĻŦাāĻāĻ°ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে to āĻŦāĻ¸ে।āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Japan is to the east of our country.
ā§Ŧ।āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে to āĻŦāĻ¸ে।āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ They fought to the last.
ā§।āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŽাāĻ¨ / āĻšাāĻ° āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে to āĻŦāĻ¸ে।āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ There are 2.54 c.m. to an inch.
#At āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে āĻ¨াāĻŽ āĻāĻ˛্āĻ˛েāĻিāĻ¤ āĻোāĻ āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻāĻে āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ āĻ্āĻ°াāĻŽ, āĻāĻ˛াāĻা, āĻŽāĻšāĻ˛্āĻ˛া āĻ āĻোāĻ āĻļāĻšāĻ°েāĻ° āĻāĻে at āĻŦāĻ¸ে।āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ
at Malibagh, at Chashara
ā§¨। āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে at āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ I go to bed at 10 o’ clock.
ā§Š।āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨা āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে at āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The country is at war now.
ā§Ē।āĻšাāĻ° / āĻāĻ¤ি āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে at āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Iffat was driving the car at 100 kilometers per hour.
ā§Ģ।āĻĻাā§িāĻ¤্āĻŦ āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে at āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ You must repair it at your own cost.
ā§Ŧ।āĻĻূāĻ°āĻ¤্āĻŦ āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে at āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Dhaka is at 50 kilometers from here.
ā§।āĻŦā§āĻ¸ āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে at āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He lost his father at 10.
ā§Ž।āĻĻিāĻ āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে at āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He pointed the gun at him.
āĻ¨িāĻŽ্āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° to āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
arrive, astonished, annoyed, envy, fire, knock, shame, smile, laugh, surprised, louch, wonder, alarm, jeer.
#In āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻোāĻ¨ āĻŦিāĻˇā§ āĻŦা āĻাāĻˇাā§ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ˛ে āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻāĻে in āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ in English, in Accounting, in Arabic.
ā§¨।āĻŦā§ āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে in āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ We live in Bangladesh.
ā§Š।āĻ¸āĻŽā§েāĻ° āĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ°ে ( āĻŽাāĻ¸ / āĻŦāĻāĻ° / āĻāĻ¤ুāĻ° āĻ¨াāĻŽ ) āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে in āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ We won independence in December in 1971.
ā§Ē।āĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ° āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে in āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ I am unable to help you in this regard.
ā§Ģ।āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨা āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে in āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He is in a good health.
ā§Ŧ।āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻāĻ¨া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে in āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ You have to do it in your own interest.
ā§।āĻĒেāĻļাāĻ° āĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ° āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে in āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He has been in politics.
ā§Ž।āĻŽাāĻ§্āĻ¯āĻŽ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে in āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ You have to pay the bill in cash.
ā§¯।āĻ āĻ¨ুāĻĒাāĻ¤েāĻ° āĻ্āĻˇেāĻ¤্āĻ° āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে in āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ In England, one in three enters higher education.
āĻ¨িāĻŽ্āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° in āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
expert, excel, indulge, succeed, believe, assist, interested, consist (āĻ¨িāĻšিāĻ¤ āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨে), lie, encourage, grory, persist, rich, trade.
#For āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻ¸āĻŽā§েāĻ° āĻāĻে āĻ§āĻ°ে / āĻ¯াāĻŦā§ / āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻĒিā§া āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে for āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ It has been raining for two hours.
ā§¨।āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে for āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ What can I do for you?
ā§Š।āĻ¸াāĻšাāĻ¯্āĻ¯ āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨে āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে for āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Would you please do it for me?
ā§Ē।āĻাāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে for āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Rajshahi is famous for its mangoes.
ā§Ģ।āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ°্āĻĨāĻ¨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে for āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Are you for the proposal?
ā§Ŧ।āĻŽূāĻ˛্āĻ¯ āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে for āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃI bought this pen for 20 taka.
ā§।āĻŦিāĻ¨িāĻŽā§ āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে for āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ You will get a coupon for every 100 taka you pay.
āĻ¨িāĻŽ্āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° for āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
compensate, ask, affection, appetite, bound, care, desire, long, fit, search, seek, thirst, zeal, zest.
#From āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§। āĻাāĻ°ো āĻ¨িāĻāĻ āĻšāĻāĻ¤ে āĻ āĻĨāĻŦা āĻোāĻ¨ āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻšāĻāĻ¤ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ˛ে āĻ “āĻšāĻāĻ¤ে” āĻāĻĨাāĻিāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤ি āĻŦা āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻāĻে from āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ
āĻāĻŽাāĻ° āĻ¨িāĻāĻ āĻšāĻāĻ¤ে = from me.
āĻĸাāĻা āĻĨেāĻে = From Dhaka.
i. The man come from abroad. ii. Don’t get down from a running bus.
āĻ¨িāĻŽ্āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° from āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
refrain, resist, obstrain, prohibited, protect, prevent, preserve, aloof, deferent, suffer.
#Of āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে of āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ I know nothing of it.
ā§¨।āĻ āĻ§িāĻাāĻ° / āĻŽাāĻ˛িāĻাāĻ¨া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে of āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ It is the house of Mr. Khan.
ā§Š।āĻā§āĻĒāĻ¨্āĻ¨ / āĻāĻĻ্āĻুāĻ¤ āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে of āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He comes of a respectable family.
ā§Ē।āĻāĻĒāĻāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে of āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The house is made of stone.
ā§Ģ।āĻাāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে of āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The young boy of cholera.
āĻ¨িāĻŽ্āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° of āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
fond, sure, conscious, aware, inform, proud, boast, capable, deprieve, devoid, accused, charged, advantage, dull, afraid, approve, bereft, cause, consist(āĻāĻ িāĻ¤ āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨে), cure, in the habit, in favour, envious, fear, full, ignorant, get rid, jealous, shortage.
#On āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻ¨āĻĻীāĻ° āĻ¤ীāĻ°ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে on āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Dhaka is on the Buriganga.
ā§¨।āĻোāĻ¨ āĻিāĻুāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ°ে āĻ¸ংāĻ˛āĻ্āĻ¨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে on āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The book is on the table.
ā§Š।Floor āĻāĻ° āĻ¸ংāĻ্āĻ¯া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে on āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The office is on the 4th floor.
ā§Ē।āĻ¸ীāĻŽাāĻ¨াāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ° āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে on āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The Buriganga is on the south of Dhaka.
ā§Ģ।āĻŦাāĻ° / āĻ¤াāĻ°িāĻেāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻāĻŦং āĻĻিāĻŦāĻ¸েāĻ° āĻāĻে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে on āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He will come back on Sunday on the 5th May.
ā§Ŧ।āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŦāĻ¨্āĻ§ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে on āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He wrote an essay on the cow.
ā§।āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻāĻ°āĻ¤া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে on āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ We live on rice.
ā§Ž।āĻ āĻ¨ুāĻ¸াāĻ°ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে on āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He has taken leave on medical advice.
ā§¯।āĻ¸āĻŽā§েāĻ° āĻŦāĻ°্āĻŖāĻ¨া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে on āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The river looks beautiful on a moonlit night.
āĻ¨িāĻŽ্āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° on āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
congratulate, comment, pride, rely, bestowed, insist, determined, depend, impose, reflect, take pity.
#By āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻোāĻ¨ āĻāĻĒাā§ āĻŦা āĻĒāĻĻ্āĻŦāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ§্āĻ¯āĻŽে āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে āĻ¤াāĻ° āĻāĻে by āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ By hard labour.
ā§¨।āĻĒাāĻļে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে by āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He sat by me.
ā§Š। āĻŽাāĻ§্āĻ¯āĻŽ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে by āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Nipu achieved success by determination.
ā§Ē।āĻĒāĻĨ āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে by āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ I shall travel by road.
ā§Ģ।āĻļāĻĒāĻĨ āĻ¨েā§া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে by āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ I swear by almighty Allah.
ā§Ŧ।Passive Form-āĻ by āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The work was done by me.
ā§āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŽাāĻĒ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে by āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The room is 12 feet by 10 feet.
ā§ŽāĻ¸āĻŽā§(āĻ¸ুāĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻĻিāĻˇ্āĻ) āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে by āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He will come back by 5 pm.
ā§¯।āĻšাāĻ° āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে by āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ They are improving day by day.
ā§§ā§Ļ।āĻাāĻ°ো āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻে āĻাāĻ¨āĻ¤ে āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে by āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He is an American by birth.
ā§§ā§§।āĻ¯াāĻ¨āĻŦাāĻšāĻ¨ে āĻ্āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে by āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ We went to Khulna by bus.
āĻ¨িāĻŽ্āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° by āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
accompanied, affected, judge.
#With āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে with āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He came with me.
ā§¨।āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া / āĻĻিā§া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে with āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ I killed the snake with a stick,
ā§Š।āĻাāĻ°āĻ¨ with āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The shadow lengthened with the approach of the sun.
āĻ¨িāĻŽ্āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ āĻুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° with āĻŦāĻ¸ে।
burden, cope, keep, up, keep pace, acquitted, angry, annoy, beset, blessed, covered, compare(āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻšāĻ˛ে with āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻিāĻ¨িāĻ¸েāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻšāĻ˛ে to), content, familiar, invest, popular, reward.
#Into āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻāĻ¤িāĻļীāĻ˛āĻ¤া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে into āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The teacher entered into the class room.
ā§¨।āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে into āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Water is changed into snow.
ā§Š।āĻ¸ংāĻāĻ°্āĻˇ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে into āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The truck crashed into a parked car.
ā§Ē।āĻ¸ংāĻ্āĻ¯াā§ āĻাāĻ āĻšāĻā§া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে into āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ They were divided into three groups.
ā§Ģ।āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻĻেāĻļ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে into āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Speak clearly into the microphone.
#Above āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻāĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে above āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The water came above our knees.
ā§¨।āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে above āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The sun is above our head now.
ā§Š।āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŽাāĻŖে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে above āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Present temperature is above average.
ā§Ē।āĻāĻ¤āĻাāĻ āĻ¸ā§ / āĻাāĻ˛ো āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে above āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Hemani is above suspicion.
ā§Ģ।āĻ āĻ¤িāĻŽাāĻ¤্āĻ°া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে above āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ I couldn’t hear him above the noise of the traffic.
#About āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻে / āĻŦিāĻˇā§ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে about āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ I knew something about it.
ā§¨।āĻাāĻ°āĻĻিāĻে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে about āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The runners were running about the circle.
ā§Š।āĻāĻĒāĻ˛āĻ্āĻˇ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে about āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He came here about the marriage ceremony.
ā§Ē।āĻĒ্āĻ°াā§ / āĻাāĻাāĻাāĻি āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে about āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He has lost about 1 lac taka.
#After āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে after āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He came after me.
ā§¨।āĻ āĻ¸ংāĻ্āĻ¯āĻŦাāĻ° āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে after āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ I’ve told him time after not to do that.
ā§Š।āĻĒিāĻāĻ¨ে āĻĒিāĻāĻ¨ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে after āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ They run after the thief.
ā§Ē।āĻŦ্āĻ¯াāĻĒāĻ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে after āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He returned home after a month.
ā§Ģ।āĻ িāĻ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ী āĻোāĻ¨ āĻিāĻু āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে after āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Issa is the tallest after Mimi.
ā§Ŧ।āĻŽোāĻেāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ° āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে after āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ After all, he is a good boy.
ā§।āĻŦিāĻĒāĻ°িāĻ¤ āĻāĻāĻ¨া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে after āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The house is pleasantly cool after the extreme heat outside.
#Before āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে before āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He came before lunch.
ā§¨।āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻŽুāĻে / āĻ¸াāĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে before āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He stood before me.
ā§Š।āĻ¤ূāĻ˛āĻ¨াāĻŽূāĻ˛āĻ āĻাāĻŦে āĻāĻে / āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ āĻুāĻ°ুāĻ¤্āĻŦ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে before āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He puts his work before everything.
#Among āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§। āĻিāĻুāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে( āĻাāĻ°āĻĻিāĻ āĻŦেāĻˇ্āĻিāĻ¤ ) āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে among āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ There is a house among the trees.
ā§¨।āĻĻু’ā§েāĻ° āĻ āĻ§িāĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে among āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ Divided the mangoes among the three boys.
#Within āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻ¸āĻŽā§েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে within āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He will come back within a month.
ā§¨।āĻ¸াāĻŽāĻ°্āĻĨ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে within āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ We should live within our means.
#Over āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻāĻĒāĻ° āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে over āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ There is a bridge over the river.
ā§¨।āĻĒাāĻ°াāĻĒাāĻ° āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে over āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ They run over the glass.
ā§Š। āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ্āĻ° / āĻ¸াāĻ°া āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে over āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ They have traveled over the world.
ā§Ē।āĻŦিāĻĒāĻ°িāĻ¤ āĻĒাāĻļ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে over āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ They live over the road.
ā§Ģ।āĻ āĻ§িāĻ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে over āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He was in America for over a month.
ā§Ŧ।āĻāĻĒāĻ°āĻ¸্āĻĨ āĻāĻ°্āĻŽāĻāĻ°্āĻ¤া āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে over āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He has a director over him.
ā§।āĻŽাāĻ§্āĻ¯āĻŽ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে over āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He talked over telephone.
#Under āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻ¨িāĻে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে under āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The ball is under the table.
ā§¨।āĻোāĻ / āĻāĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŽাāĻ¨ / āĻŦā§āĻ¸ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে under āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ i. He is under 20. ii. He earns under 5000.
ā§Š।āĻ āĻ§ীāĻ¨ে āĻāĻ°্āĻĨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে under āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The building is under construction.
ā§Ē।āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨা āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে under āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ He is under sentence to death.
#Between āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻĻুāĻā§েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে between āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ i. He stood between his two brothers. ii.Divide the mango between two sisters.
#Without āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻাā§া āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে without āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ i. He found the place without difficulty. ii.We can’t live without water.
#Beyond āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻĒিāĻāĻ¨ে / āĻ āĻĒāĻ°āĻĻিāĻ āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে beyond āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The road continues beyond the villages up into the hills.
ā§¨।āĻ¸āĻŽā§েāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে beyond āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ It won’t go on beyond midnight.
ā§Š।āĻ¸াāĻ§্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻŦাāĻāĻ°ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে beyond āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The car was beyond repair.
#Since āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।‘āĻšāĻāĻ¤ে’ āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨে poinr of time āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে since āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ since 1971, since Sunday, since June.
#Beside āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻĒাāĻļে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে by āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ beside āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ beside me, beside the man, beside you.
Through āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻিāĻ¤āĻ° / āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ āĻĻিā§ে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে Through āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ through the forest, through struggle.
#Across āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻā§াāĻā§ি āĻাāĻŦে / āĻ āĻĒāĻ° āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻļ্āĻŦে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে across āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ i. Go across the street, ii. My house is just across the road.
#Off āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻĻূāĻ°ে / āĻŦিāĻ্āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨে off āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ i. Be off from here, ii. Swithch the fan off.
#Below āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻ¨িāĻŽ্āĻ¨ে āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¨িāĻ¤, āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻĻিāĻˇ্āĻ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŽাāĻŖ āĻŦা āĻ¸ংāĻ্āĻ¯া āĻāĻŽ,āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯াā§েāĻ° āĻ¨িāĻে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে across āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ i. My particulars are given below. ii. Rahim has got below 80% marks. iii. He lives below middle class status.
#Down āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻāĻĒāĻ° āĻĨেāĻে āĻ¨িāĻেāĻ° āĻĻিāĻে āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে down āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ The boy has fallen down from the roof
#Up āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§। āĻ¨িāĻ āĻĨেāĻে āĻāĻĒāĻ°েāĻ° āĻĻিāĻে āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে up āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ i. Go up the hill. ii. Climb up the tree.
#Besides āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°
ā§§।āĻāĻাā§াāĻ āĻŦুāĻাāĻāĻ¤ে besides āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ঃ I have another pen besides this.
______________________
āĻāĻŦাāĻ° āĻĻেāĻāĻŦ āĻāĻ¨্āĻĻে āĻāĻ¨্āĻĻে āĻিāĻাāĻŦে preposition āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻ°াāĻা āĻ¯াā§।
āĻāĻ¨্āĻĻে āĻāĻ¨্āĻĻে PREPOSITION āĻļিāĻুāĻ¨
āĻ¨āĻāĻ°, āĻļāĻšāĻ°, āĻĻেāĻļ,
āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻāĻে in āĻŦāĻ¸িā§ে āĻāĻ°āĻŦে āĻŦেāĻļ।
–
āĻ¸āĻĒ্āĻ¤াāĻš, āĻŽাāĻ¸, āĻŦāĻāĻ°, āĻāĻ¤ু, āĻĻāĻļāĻ, āĻ¯ুāĻ,
āĻļāĻ¤াāĻŦ্āĻĻী,
āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻāĻে in āĻŦāĻ¸াāĻ¨ো āĻšā§ āĻāĻ āĻ āĻŦ্āĻĻি।
–
āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ¤, āĻĻুāĻĒুāĻ°, āĻোāĻ§ূāĻ˛ি, āĻ°াāĻ¤,
āĻāĻĻেāĻ° āĻāĻে at āĻŦāĻ¸িā§ে āĻāĻ°āĻŦে āĻŦাāĻিāĻŽাāĻ¤।
–
āĻ¸āĻŽā§েāĻ° āĻāĻে at āĻŦāĻ¸ে, āĻĻিāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻāĻে on,
āĻĻিāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻ ংāĻļ āĻাāĻে in āĻ¨া āĻŦāĻ¸াāĻ˛ে,
āĻāĻ°āĻŦে āĻ¤āĻŦে Wrong।
–
Festival-āĻ at, āĻ¨āĻŽ্āĻŦāĻ°েāĻ at, with āĻšā§
āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻ¤ুāĻ¤ে,
āĻāĻāĻাāĻŦে preposition āĻļিāĻāĻŦে āĻāĻ¨āĻ¨্āĻĻ āĻāĻ°
āĻĢুāĻ°্āĻ¤িāĻ¤ে।
–
Person-āĻ by, āĻĒাāĻļে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤েāĻ
by, (āĻ¯াāĻ¨āĻŦাāĻšāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻāĻে) āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু in a car,
āĻĻāĻ্āĻˇāĻ¤াā§ āĻ āĻĻāĻ্āĻˇāĻ¤াā§ at āĻ¨া āĻŦāĻ¸াāĻ˛ে
āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻšāĻŦে āĻাāĻ°āĻাāĻ°।
–
āĻোāĻ āĻšāĻ˛ে at, āĻŦā§ āĻšāĻ˛ে in, āĻāĻāĻ¨ āĻšā§?
āĻāĻ āĻĒাāĻ°্āĻĨāĻ্āĻ¯ āĻ¨া āĻŦুāĻāĻ˛ে āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻĨাāĻāĻŦে āĻā§।
–
āĻŦাāĻšিāĻ° āĻĨেāĻে āĻিāĻ¤āĻ°ে into āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻāĻ°ো,
āĻিāĻ¤āĻ° āĻĨেāĻে āĻŦাāĻšিāĻ°ে āĻšā§ out of,
Preposition āĻ¨া āĻŦুāĻāĻ˛ে āĻŽুāĻĄ āĻĨাāĻāĻŦে off।
–
āĻ˛েāĻে (āĻ¸্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻļ āĻāĻ°ে) āĻĨাāĻāĻ˛ে on āĻšā§, āĻ¨āĻāĻ˛ে
āĻšā§ above,
Since, for āĻŦুāĻ āĻ¨া, āĻেāĻ¨ āĻ¨াāĻ āĻাāĻŦ?
–
āĻļুāĻ°ু āĻĨেāĻে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে since āĻšā§, āĻ¨āĻāĻ˛ে āĻšā§
for,
āĻāĻ¤ি āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে (āĻāĻĒāĻ° āĻĻিā§ে) over, āĻ¨িāĻে
āĻšā§ under,
–
Preposition āĻāĻ¸āĻ˛েāĻ āĻুāĻŦ āĻŽāĻাāĻ°। āĻŽাāĻ¤্āĻ°া
(āĻ¸্āĻ¤āĻ°) āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে āĻšā§ below,
Preposition āĻļিāĻāĻ¤ে āĻĒেāĻ°ে, āĻāĻŽি āĻāĻি
āĻুāĻŦ āĻাāĻ˛ো।
–
On- āĻ āĻিā§ে āĻāĻ¤ি āĻšāĻ˛ে āĻļেāĻˇ āĻšā§ onto,
āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে with āĻšā§, āĻĻিāĻ āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে to.
–
āĻোāĻ¨ো āĻিāĻুāĻ° āĻিāĻ¤āĻ° āĻĻিā§ে āĻ¯েāĻ¤ে āĻšā§
through (āĻŦাāĻ§া āĻĨাāĻāĻ˛ে)।
āĻ āĻĒাāĻļ āĻĨেāĻে āĻāĻĒাāĻļে āĻ¯েāĻ¤ে āĻšā§ across,
(āĻŦাāĻ§া āĻ¨া āĻĨাāĻāĻ˛ে)।
–
Preposition āĻļিāĻāĻ˛ে āĻ¨েāĻ āĻোāĻ¨ো
Loss āĻāĻ° āĻŦুāĻাāĻ¤ে of āĻšā§ Boss.
Conjunction āĻাāĻে āĻŦāĻ˛ে ? Conjunction āĻāĻ¤ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ° āĻ āĻি āĻি ?
Conjunction ( āĻ¸ংāĻ¯োāĻāĻ¨ āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§ ) : āĻ¯ে Word āĻĻুāĻি āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻ, āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ āĻŦা āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ংāĻļāĻে āĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻে Conjunction āĻŦāĻ˛ে । āĻ¯েāĻŽāĻ¨ :
Mr Jamal is poor but honest.
Rasel and Radi are two brothers.
Asma and Alima are two sisters.
I shall wait here until you come back.
Do or die.
Rana or Rony is guilty.
[Note :āĻāĻাāĻ¨ে but. and, until āĻāĻŦং or āĻšāĻ˛ Conjunction. āĻāĻুāĻ˛ো āĻĻুāĻি āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯াংāĻļāĻে āĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻāĻ°েāĻে ।]
Conjunction āĻāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ°āĻেāĻĻ : Conjunction āĻ¤িāĻ¨ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻ° ।
Coordinating Conjunction.
Subordinating Conjunction.
Correlative Conjunction.
Coordinate Conjunction:
Coordinate conjunctions such as and, but, or, nor, for, so, or yet were used to include individual words, phrases and independent clauses.
Example:
- She stood first and got a prize.
- He is sad but hopeful
- The snake is small but dangerous
- You must read or you fail in the exam
Subordinate Conjunction:
The subordinate clause such as since, because, though, as, till etc. were used to join an independent clause to a dependent clause.
The subordinate conjunctions were used before the dependent clauses. dependent clause can be placed before or after the independent clauses.
Example:
- He never gives up till he wins.
- Since she had the headache, she did
- Though he loved her cousin, he married another one.
- While calling several times, she never received a replay.
correlative conjunctions:
Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions such as both ... and, either ... ..or, neither ...... nor etc. used in the sentences to link words, phrases and clauses
correlative conjunctions connect with two words or phrases or clauses that are the same structure and are grammatically similar. That means nouns are linked to nouns, adjectives to adjectives, prepositional phrases to prepositional phrases.
Correlatives conjunctions are:
both ... .and, either ... .or, neither ... .nor, not only ... .but also, so ... .that, such ... .that, no sooner ... .than, hardly ... .When, scarcely ... .When, else ... than, else ... .but.
Example:
- He is both a fool and a knave (noun noun)
- She is both wise and good (adjective to adjective)
- He should either work or go (verb to verb)
- He behaved neither wisely nor kindly (adverb to adverb)
- He is so tired that he can not run
- Such was her beauty
- No sooner had I left
- Hardly had I left the room
- Scarcely had
- She has none else than her mother
- She has none else but her mother ..
Interjection (āĻāĻŦেāĻ āĻ¸ূāĻāĻ āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯ā§):
āĻ¯ে word āĻŽāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻāĻŦেāĻ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻļ āĻāĻ°ে, āĻ¤াāĻে interjection āĻŦāĻ˛ে। Interjection āĻāĻāĻি āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¨āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽী Part of speech। āĻ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻ¯ part of speech -āĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻ¯ word āĻŦা āĻ ংāĻļেāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে Interjection -āĻāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻˇ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒৃāĻ্āĻ¤āĻ¤া āĻ¨েāĻ ।
Alas! He is dead.
Interjection āĻāĻŦেāĻ āĻŦা Emotion āĻšāĻ্āĻে sudden change of mind। āĻ āĻ°্āĻĨাā§ interjection āĻŽāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻোāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ াā§ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤িāĻ¤ āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ে। āĻ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤িāĻ¤ āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨা āĻāĻ¨āĻ¨্āĻĻেāĻ° āĻŦা āĻĻুāĻেঃāĻ°, āĻ¯ে āĻোāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে।
Hurrah ! Today is holiday. (āĻী āĻŽāĻা- Interjection)
Alas ! He is dead. (āĻšাā§- Interjection)
Oh ! What a nice view. (āĻāĻšা- Interjection)
Bravo ! You have done well.
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