Inversion



Inversion āĻ•াāĻ•ে āĻŦāĻ˛ে?

Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻŽāĻ¨ে verb-āĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨āĻ•ে Inversion āĻŦāĻ˛া āĻšā§Ÿ āĻ¯া āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻŦাāĻ•্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•্āĻ°āĻŽেāĻ° āĻŦিāĻĒāĻ°ীāĻ¤।


Inversion refers to the appearance of the verb in front of the subject which is the reverse of the general order of a sentence.


āĻŦিāĻ­িāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻ¸্āĻĨিāĻ¤িāĻ¤ে āĻ‡ংāĻ°েāĻœী āĻ­াāĻˇাā§Ÿ inversion-āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšā§Ÿে āĻĨাāĻ•ে āĻ¯া āĻ¨িāĻšে āĻ‰āĻĻাāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¸āĻš āĻ†āĻ˛োāĻšāĻ¨া āĻ•āĻ°া āĻšāĻ˛:



 

⇒ Used to ask questions (āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻļ্āĻ¨ āĻœিāĻœ্āĻžাāĻ¸া āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ):


āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨āĻ¤: āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻļ্āĻ¨ āĻœিāĻœ্āĻžাāĻ¸া āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ।


Example:


You are coming to the playground. (Normal Sentence)

Are you coming to the playground? (Question)

She likes comedy films. (Normal Sentence)

Does she like comedy films? (Question)

We know the fact. (Normal Sentence)

Do we know the fact? (Question)

Subject āĻāĻŦং auxiliary verb-āĻāĻ° āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ¯াāĻš্āĻ›ে āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻাāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ—ুāĻ˛ো āĻĨেāĻ•ে।


⇒ Used after negative adverbial expressions (Negative adverbial expression-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ):


No āĻŦা not āĻĻিā§Ÿে āĻļুāĻ°ু āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻ•িāĻ›ু negative adverbial expression-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ।


Example:


Not until I came here did I believe that this had happened.

Under no situation is she allowed to go there.

At no time did she accept she would dance.

In no way can she be available then.

⇒ Used after some adverbial expressions of place (āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨āĻŦাāĻšāĻ• adverbial expression-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ):


āĻ•িāĻ›ু āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨āĻŦাāĻšāĻ• adverbial expression-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ¯াā§Ÿ।


Example:


On the doorstep was a box of chocolate.

Round the corner arrived the Inspector.

⇒ Used after “neither”, “nor” and “so” (“Neither”, “Nor” āĻāĻŦং “So”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ):


“Neither”, “nor” āĻāĻŦং “so”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°েāĻ“ Inversion-āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšā§Ÿে āĻĨাāĻ•ে।


Example:


Samira doesn’t like dogs. Neither do I.

Anika was not present there. Nor was I.

Mom likes rice pudding. So do I.

⇒ Used after “never”, “little”, “rarely” and “seldom” (“Never”, “little”, “rarely” āĻāĻŦং “seldom”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ):


“Never”, “little”, “rarely” āĻāĻŦং “seldom”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°েāĻ“ Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে।


Example:


Never had I seen Saima so tensed.

Little does Sabiha know about me.

Rarely did Abid went there.

Seldom did I notice her perform in any program.

⇒ Used after “no sooner”, “barely”, “hardly” and “scarcely” where two things happen, one after another (“No sooner”, “barely”, “hardly” āĻāĻŦং “scarcely”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ):


“No sooner”, “barely”, “hardly” āĻāĻŦং “scarcely”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ āĻ¯āĻ–āĻ¨ āĻĻুāĻŸি āĻ˜āĻŸāĻ¨াāĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ…āĻĒāĻ°āĻŸিāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻ˜āĻŸে।


Example:


No sooner had they entered the room than we started clapping.

Barely had we reached there when they started singing.

Hardly had I seen him when he started going.

Scarcely had we started our journey when the wind started blowing.

āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ‰āĻĻাāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĨেāĻ•ে āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ¯াā§Ÿ āĻ¯ে, “no sooner”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে than āĻāĻŦং “barely”, “hardly” āĻāĻŦং “scarcely”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে when āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ। 


⇒ Used after adverbial expressions starting with “only” and “not only” (“Only” āĻāĻŦং “not only” āĻĻিā§Ÿে āĻļুāĻ°ু āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা adverbial expression-āĻ—ুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ):



 

āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤: “Only” āĻāĻŦং “not only” āĻĻিā§Ÿে āĻļুāĻ°ু āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা adverbial expression-āĻ—ুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ¯াā§Ÿ।


Example:


Only after observing her performance did I know how awesome she acts.

Only when the baby saw its mother did it stop crying.

Not only was Namira a good writer but also a good presenter.

⇒ Used in Conditional Sentences (Conditional Sentence-āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ):


Conditional sentence-āĻ Inversion-āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ¯াā§Ÿ āĻ¯েāĻ–াāĻ¨ে “if” āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ে “had”, “were” āĻāĻŦং “should” āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ।


Example:


Had I known it before that Andrew Kishore is coming I would have attended the program.

Was Dr. Abir here then I could have consulted him.

Should I had come here before I could have informed you? 

⇒ Used after “here” and “there” (“Here” āĻāĻŦং “there”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ):


“Here” āĻāĻŦং “there” āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻāĻ•āĻŸি adverb of place āĻŦোāĻাā§Ÿ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb āĻŦা āĻāĻ•āĻŸি auxiliary verb āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ।


Example:


Here comes the singer.

There is the university.

⇒ Used after “so+ adjective” (“So+ adjective”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ):


“So+ adjective” āĻĻিā§Ÿে āĻļুāĻ°ু āĻšāĻ“ā§Ÿা āĻŦাāĻ•্āĻ¯ে Inversion-āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻĻেāĻ–া āĻ¯াā§Ÿ “so+ adjective”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাāĻ•্āĻ¯āĻŸি “that”āĻ¨িā§Ÿে āĻšāĻ˛āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻĨাāĻ•ে।


Example:


So excellent was the movie that we could not come out of the theater.

So eye-catching was the scenery that we became speechless.

āĻ†āĻĒāĻ¨াāĻ°া āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ†āĻ˛োāĻšāĻ¨া āĻĨেāĻ•ে Inversion āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ•ে āĻŦেāĻļ āĻ¸্āĻĒāĻˇ্āĻŸ āĻāĻ•āĻŸি āĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖা āĻĒেāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°েāĻ¨। āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ§্āĻ¯ā§ŸāĻ¨ āĻ“ āĻ…āĻ¨ুāĻļীāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻŦিāĻˇā§ŸāĻŸিāĻ•ে āĻ¸āĻšāĻœāĻ¤āĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻ¤ুāĻ˛āĻŦে।

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