Inversion
Inversion āĻাāĻে āĻŦāĻ˛ে?
Subject-āĻāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻŽāĻ¨ে verb-āĻāĻ° āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨āĻে Inversion āĻŦāĻ˛া āĻšā§ āĻ¯া āĻāĻāĻি āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯েāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ্āĻ°āĻŽেāĻ° āĻŦিāĻĒāĻ°ীāĻ¤।
Inversion refers to the appearance of the verb in front of the subject which is the reverse of the general order of a sentence.
āĻŦিāĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻ¸্āĻĨিāĻ¤িāĻ¤ে āĻংāĻ°েāĻী āĻাāĻˇাā§ inversion-āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšā§ে āĻĨাāĻে āĻ¯া āĻ¨িāĻে āĻāĻĻাāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¸āĻš āĻāĻ˛োāĻāĻ¨া āĻāĻ°া āĻšāĻ˛:
⇒ Used to ask questions (āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻļ্āĻ¨ āĻিāĻ্āĻাāĻ¸া āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§):
āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ§াāĻ¨āĻ¤: āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻļ্āĻ¨ āĻিāĻ্āĻাāĻ¸া āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ে Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§।
Example:
You are coming to the playground. (Normal Sentence)
Are you coming to the playground? (Question)
She likes comedy films. (Normal Sentence)
Does she like comedy films? (Question)
We know the fact. (Normal Sentence)
Do we know the fact? (Question)
Subject āĻāĻŦং auxiliary verb-āĻāĻ° āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻĻেāĻা āĻ¯াāĻ্āĻে āĻāĻĒāĻ°েāĻ° āĻāĻĻাāĻšāĻ°āĻŖāĻুāĻ˛ো āĻĨেāĻে।
⇒ Used after negative adverbial expressions (Negative adverbial expression-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§):
No āĻŦা not āĻĻিā§ে āĻļুāĻ°ু āĻšāĻā§া āĻিāĻু negative adverbial expression-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§।
Example:
Not until I came here did I believe that this had happened.
Under no situation is she allowed to go there.
At no time did she accept she would dance.
In no way can she be available then.
⇒ Used after some adverbial expressions of place (āĻিāĻু āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨āĻŦাāĻāĻ adverbial expression-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§):
āĻিāĻু āĻ¸্āĻĨাāĻ¨āĻŦাāĻāĻ adverbial expression-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĻেāĻা āĻ¯াā§।
Example:
On the doorstep was a box of chocolate.
Round the corner arrived the Inspector.
⇒ Used after “neither”, “nor” and “so” (“Neither”, “Nor” āĻāĻŦং “So”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§):
“Neither”, “nor” āĻāĻŦং “so”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°েāĻ Inversion-āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻšā§ে āĻĨাāĻে।
Example:
Samira doesn’t like dogs. Neither do I.
Anika was not present there. Nor was I.
Mom likes rice pudding. So do I.
⇒ Used after “never”, “little”, “rarely” and “seldom” (“Never”, “little”, “rarely” āĻāĻŦং “seldom”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§):
“Never”, “little”, “rarely” āĻāĻŦং “seldom”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°েāĻ Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে।
Example:
Never had I seen Saima so tensed.
Little does Sabiha know about me.
Rarely did Abid went there.
Seldom did I notice her perform in any program.
⇒ Used after “no sooner”, “barely”, “hardly” and “scarcely” where two things happen, one after another (“No sooner”, “barely”, “hardly” āĻāĻŦং “scarcely”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§):
“No sooner”, “barely”, “hardly” āĻāĻŦং “scarcely”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§ āĻ¯āĻāĻ¨ āĻĻুāĻি āĻāĻāĻ¨াāĻ° āĻāĻāĻি āĻ āĻĒāĻ°āĻিāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻāĻে।
Example:
No sooner had they entered the room than we started clapping.
Barely had we reached there when they started singing.
Hardly had I seen him when he started going.
Scarcely had we started our journey when the wind started blowing.
āĻāĻĒāĻ°েāĻ° āĻāĻĻাāĻšāĻ°āĻŖ āĻĨেāĻে āĻĻেāĻা āĻ¯াā§ āĻ¯ে, “no sooner”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে than āĻāĻŦং “barely”, “hardly” āĻāĻŦং “scarcely”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে when āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§।
⇒ Used after adverbial expressions starting with “only” and “not only” (“Only” āĻāĻŦং “not only” āĻĻিā§ে āĻļুāĻ°ু āĻšāĻā§া adverbial expression-āĻুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§):
āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤: “Only” āĻāĻŦং “not only” āĻĻিā§ে āĻļুāĻ°ু āĻšāĻā§া adverbial expression-āĻুāĻ˛োāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¤ে āĻĻেāĻা āĻ¯াā§।
Example:
Only after observing her performance did I know how awesome she acts.
Only when the baby saw its mother did it stop crying.
Not only was Namira a good writer but also a good presenter.
⇒ Used in Conditional Sentences (Conditional Sentence-āĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§):
Conditional sentence-āĻ Inversion-āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻĻেāĻা āĻ¯াā§ āĻ¯েāĻাāĻ¨ে “if” āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤ে “had”, “were” āĻāĻŦং “should” āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§।
Example:
Had I known it before that Andrew Kishore is coming I would have attended the program.
Was Dr. Abir here then I could have consulted him.
Should I had come here before I could have informed you?
⇒ Used after “here” and “there” (“Here” āĻāĻŦং “there”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§):
“Here” āĻāĻŦং “there” āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻāĻāĻি adverb of place āĻŦোāĻাā§ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻāĻāĻি āĻŽূāĻ˛ verb āĻŦা āĻāĻāĻি auxiliary verb āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§ āĻ¤āĻŦে āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে Inversion āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§।
Example:
Here comes the singer.
There is the university.
⇒ Used after “so+ adjective” (“So+ adjective”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšৃāĻ¤ āĻšā§):
“So+ adjective” āĻĻিā§ে āĻļুāĻ°ু āĻšāĻā§া āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯ে Inversion-āĻāĻ° āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ° āĻĻেāĻা āĻ¯াā§ “so+ adjective”-āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাāĻ্āĻ¯āĻি “that”āĻ¨িā§ে āĻāĻ˛āĻŽাāĻ¨ āĻĨাāĻে।
Example:
So excellent was the movie that we could not come out of the theater.
So eye-catching was the scenery that we became speechless.
āĻāĻĒāĻ¨াāĻ°া āĻāĻĒāĻ°েāĻ° āĻāĻ˛োāĻāĻ¨া āĻĨেāĻে Inversion āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻে āĻŦেāĻļ āĻ¸্āĻĒāĻˇ্āĻ āĻāĻāĻি āĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖা āĻĒেāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°েāĻ¨। āĻāĻ°āĻ āĻ āĻ§্āĻ¯ā§āĻ¨ āĻ āĻ āĻ¨ুāĻļীāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻŦিāĻˇā§āĻিāĻে āĻ¸āĻšāĻāĻ¤āĻ° āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¤ুāĻ˛āĻŦে।
Comments