Inversion
Inversion āĻাāĻে āĻŦāϞে?
Subject-āĻāϰ āϏাāĻŽāύে verb-āĻāϰ āĻ āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāύāĻে Inversion āĻŦāϞা āĻšā§ āϝা āĻāĻāĻি āĻŦাāĻ্āϝেāϰ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻ্āϰāĻŽেāϰ āĻŦিāĻĒāϰীāϤ।
Inversion refers to the appearance of the verb in front of the subject which is the reverse of the general order of a sentence.
āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻĒāϰিāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিāϤে āĻংāϰেāĻী āĻাāώাā§ inversion-āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻšā§ে āĻĨাāĻে āϝা āύিāĻে āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāϏāĻš āĻāϞোāĻāύা āĻāϰা āĻšāϞ:
⇒ Used to ask questions (āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻিāĻ্āĻাāϏা āĻāϰāϤে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§):
āĻĒ্āϰāϧাāύāϤ: āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻিāĻ্āĻাāϏা āĻāϰāϤে Inversion āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§।
Example:
You are coming to the playground. (Normal Sentence)
Are you coming to the playground? (Question)
She likes comedy films. (Normal Sentence)
Does she like comedy films? (Question)
We know the fact. (Normal Sentence)
Do we know the fact? (Question)
Subject āĻāĻŦং auxiliary verb-āĻāϰ āĻ āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāύেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻĻেāĻা āϝাāĻ্āĻে āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖāĻুāϞো āĻĨেāĻে।
⇒ Used after negative adverbial expressions (Negative adverbial expression-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§):
No āĻŦা not āĻĻিā§ে āĻļুāϰু āĻšāĻā§া āĻিāĻু negative adverbial expression-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে Inversion āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§।
Example:
Not until I came here did I believe that this had happened.
Under no situation is she allowed to go there.
At no time did she accept she would dance.
In no way can she be available then.
⇒ Used after some adverbial expressions of place (āĻিāĻু āϏ্āĻĨাāύāĻŦাāĻāĻ adverbial expression-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§):
āĻিāĻু āϏ্āĻĨাāύāĻŦাāĻāĻ adverbial expression-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে Inversion āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĻেāĻা āϝাā§।
Example:
On the doorstep was a box of chocolate.
Round the corner arrived the Inspector.
⇒ Used after “neither”, “nor” and “so” (“Neither”, “Nor” āĻāĻŦং “So”-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§):
“Neither”, “nor” āĻāĻŦং “so”-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰেāĻ Inversion-āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻšā§ে āĻĨাāĻে।
Example:
Samira doesn’t like dogs. Neither do I.
Anika was not present there. Nor was I.
Mom likes rice pudding. So do I.
⇒ Used after “never”, “little”, “rarely” and “seldom” (“Never”, “little”, “rarely” āĻāĻŦং “seldom”-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§):
“Never”, “little”, “rarely” āĻāĻŦং “seldom”-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰেāĻ Inversion āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
Example:
Never had I seen Saima so tensed.
Little does Sabiha know about me.
Rarely did Abid went there.
Seldom did I notice her perform in any program.
⇒ Used after “no sooner”, “barely”, “hardly” and “scarcely” where two things happen, one after another (“No sooner”, “barely”, “hardly” āĻāĻŦং “scarcely”-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§):
“No sooner”, “barely”, “hardly” āĻāĻŦং “scarcely”-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে Inversion āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§ āϝāĻāύ āĻĻুāĻি āĻāĻāύাāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻ āĻĒāϰāĻিāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻāĻে।
Example:
No sooner had they entered the room than we started clapping.
Barely had we reached there when they started singing.
Hardly had I seen him when he started going.
Scarcely had we started our journey when the wind started blowing.
āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻāĻĻাāĻšāϰāĻŖ āĻĨেāĻে āĻĻেāĻা āϝাā§ āϝে, “no sooner”-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে than āĻāĻŦং “barely”, “hardly” āĻāĻŦং “scarcely”-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে when āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§।
⇒ Used after adverbial expressions starting with “only” and “not only” (“Only” āĻāĻŦং “not only” āĻĻিā§ে āĻļুāϰু āĻšāĻā§া adverbial expression-āĻুāϞোāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§):
āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ: “Only” āĻāĻŦং “not only” āĻĻিā§ে āĻļুāϰু āĻšāĻā§া adverbial expression-āĻুāϞোāϰ āĻĒāϰে Inversion āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšāϤে āĻĻেāĻা āϝাā§।
Example:
Only after observing her performance did I know how awesome she acts.
Only when the baby saw its mother did it stop crying.
Not only was Namira a good writer but also a good presenter.
⇒ Used in Conditional Sentences (Conditional Sentence-āĻ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§):
Conditional sentence-āĻ Inversion-āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻĻেāĻা āϝাā§ āϝেāĻাāύে “if” āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤে “had”, “were” āĻāĻŦং “should” āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§।
Example:
Had I known it before that Andrew Kishore is coming I would have attended the program.
Was Dr. Abir here then I could have consulted him.
Should I had come here before I could have informed you?
⇒ Used after “here” and “there” (“Here” āĻāĻŦং “there”-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§):
“Here” āĻāĻŦং “there” āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϝāĻĻি āĻāĻāĻি adverb of place āĻŦোāĻাā§ āĻāĻŦং āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻāĻāĻি āĻŽূāϞ verb āĻŦা āĻāĻāĻি auxiliary verb āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§ āϤāĻŦে āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে Inversion āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§।
Example:
Here comes the singer.
There is the university.
⇒ Used after “so+ adjective” (“So+ adjective”-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšৃāϤ āĻšā§):
“So+ adjective” āĻĻিā§ে āĻļুāϰু āĻšāĻā§া āĻŦাāĻ্āϝে Inversion-āĻāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāĻŦāĻšাāϰ āĻĻেāĻা āϝাā§ “so+ adjective”-āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাāĻ্āϝāĻি “that”āύিā§ে āĻāϞāĻŽাāύ āĻĨাāĻে।
Example:
So excellent was the movie that we could not come out of the theater.
So eye-catching was the scenery that we became speechless.
āĻāĻĒāύাāϰা āĻāĻĒāϰেāϰ āĻāϞোāĻāύা āĻĨেāĻে Inversion āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻŦেāĻļ āϏ্āĻĒāώ্āĻ āĻāĻāĻি āϧাāϰāĻŖা āĻĒেāϤে āĻĒাāϰেāύ। āĻāϰāĻ āĻ āϧ্āϝā§āύ āĻ āĻ āύুāĻļীāϞāύ āĻŦিāώā§āĻিāĻে āϏāĻšāĻāϤāϰ āĻāϰে āϤুāϞāĻŦে।
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