Modifier

 




In grammar, a modifier is an optional element in phrase structure or clause structure. A modifier is so called because it is said to modify (change the meaning of) another element in the structure, on which it is dependent. Typically the modifier can be removed without affecting the grammar of the sentence.

#Topic_Grammar_Modifier

#āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¯াāĻ¯় āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻ¨ি āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ student āĻ–ুāĻœে āĻĒাāĻ“āĻ¯়া āĻ•āĻ িāĻ¨। āĻ†āĻœāĻ•েāĻ° āĻāĻ‡ āĻĒোāĻ¸্āĻŸ āĻ¯āĻĻি āĻ•েāĻ‰ āĻŽāĻ¨োāĻ¯োāĻ— āĻĻিāĻ¯়ে & āĻ¨োāĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻĒāĻĄ়ে āĻ¤াāĻšāĻ˛ে modifier āĻĒাāĻ¨ি āĻšāĻ¯়ে āĻ¯াāĻŦে। ā§Ŧ-ā§­ āĻŸা āĻšāĻŦেāĻ‡। vocabulary āĻ¤ে āĻĻāĻ•্āĻˇ āĻšāĻ˛ে āĻ†āĻ°āĻ“ āĻŦেāĻļি āĻšāĻŦে। modifier āĻ āĻ¯াāĻ“āĻ¯়াāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ে āĻāĻ•āĻŸু basic grammar āĻ¨িāĻ¯়ে āĻ†āĻ˛োāĻšāĻ¨া āĻ•āĻ°ি āĻ¤াāĻšāĻ˛ে modifier āĻŦুāĻāĻ¤ে āĻ¸āĻšāĻœ āĻšāĻŦে।

(1) āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻ¨āĻ¤ Adjective, Noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ–াāĻŸি āĻŦাংāĻ˛াāĻ¯় āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ¤ে āĻ—েāĻ˛ে Adjective āĻŽাāĻ¨ে āĻĒাāĻŽ āĻŽাāĻ°া, āĻ•াāĻ•ে āĻĒাāĻŽ āĻŽাāĻ°া?? noun āĻ•ে। āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨ্āĻ¯াā§Ž āĻĻোāĻˇ, āĻ—ুāĻ¨, āĻ¸ংāĻ–্āĻ¯া āĻ‡āĻ¤্āĻ¯াāĻĻি āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ•াāĻļ āĻ•āĻ°া।

example : Omi is a cute girl.

āĻāĻ–াāĻ¨ো girl āĻ•ে āĻĒাāĻŽ āĻŽাāĻ°āĻ¤েāĻ›ে cute, āĻ¸ুāĻ¤āĻ°াং āĻāĻ–াāĻ¨ে cute “Adjective.”

(2) āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻ¨āĻ¤ Adverb, Noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻ›াāĻĄ়া āĻŦাāĻ•ি āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻœাāĻ¯়āĻ—াāĻ¯় āĻŦāĻ¸āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে। āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨ্āĻ¯াā§Ž verb āĻāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ে, āĻĒāĻ°ে, noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ে, āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ•ি Adverb āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻ“ Adverb āĻŦāĻ¸āĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ে। āĻ¸āĻšāĻœ āĻ•āĻĨাāĻ¯় Noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻ›াāĻĄ়া āĻŦাāĻ•ি āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻœাāĻ¯়āĻ—াāĻ¯়।

example : She laughs loudly.

āĻāĻ–াāĻ¨ে “loughs” verb āĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° “loudly” Adverb āĻŦāĻ¸ে verb āĻ•ে āĻœোāĻ° āĻĻিāĻš্āĻ›ে āĻŽাāĻ¨ে modify āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ে।

★Modifier āĻ•ী???

āĻ¯ে word āĻŦা phrase(āĻļāĻŦ্āĻĻāĻ—ুāĻš্āĻ›) āĻ•োāĻ¨ noun āĻŦা verb āĻāĻ° āĻ†āĻ—ে āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦāĻ¸ে āĻ noun āĻŦা verb āĻ•ে modify āĻ•āĻ°ে

āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨ্āĻ¯াā§Ž, āĻ noun āĻŦা verb āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ•ে āĻ¤āĻĨ্āĻ¯ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻ¤াāĻ•ে modifier āĻŦāĻ˛ে।

****Specific uses of Modifier:

★ Pre modify the noun : pre āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে। noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻ•ী āĻŦāĻ¸ে?? āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›িāĻ˛াāĻŽ āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻ†āĻ›ে?? Adjective āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¤াāĻ‡ pre modify the noun āĻĨাāĻ•āĻ˛ে Adjective āĻšāĻŦে।

example : Sihab was a………..( pre modify the noun) poet.

āĻāĻ–াāĻ¨ে adjective āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦে āĻŽাāĻ¨ে āĻĒাāĻŽ āĻŽাāĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে, āĻŽাāĻ¨ে। famous/ noble āĻšāĻŦে।

★pre modify the Adjective/Verb/Adverb: āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°ে āĻ•ি āĻŦāĻ˛āĻ›িāĻ˛াāĻŽ āĻŽāĻ¨ে āĻ†āĻ›ে??? Noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻ›াāĻĄ়া āĻŦাāĻ•ি āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻœাāĻ¯়āĻ—াāĻ¯় Adverb āĻŦāĻ¸ে। āĻ¤াāĻ‡ pre modify the

Adjective/Verb/Adverb āĻĨাāĻ•āĻ˛ে Adverb āĻšāĻŦে।

example : She……….(pre modifythe verb) got idea.

āĻāĻ–াāĻ¨ে Adverb āĻšāĻŦে, āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨ্āĻ¯াā§Ž verb āĻ•ে āĻœোāĻ° āĻĻিāĻ¤ে modify āĻ•āĻ°āĻ¤ে āĻšāĻŦে। suddenly /quickly āĻšāĻŦে।

★post modify the Adjective/Verb/

Adverb: post āĻ…āĻ°্āĻĨ āĻĒāĻ°ে। āĻ†āĻ—েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤োāĻ‡ noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে āĻ›াāĻĄ়া āĻŦাāĻ•ি āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻœাāĻ¯়āĻ—াāĻ¯়Adverb āĻŦāĻ¸ে।

example : Abir can write……( post modify the verb)

āĻ†āĻ—েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤োāĻ‡ Adverb āĻšāĻŦে,verb āĻ•ে modify āĻ•āĻ°āĻŦে। āĻ¤াāĻ‡ quickly /beautifully āĻšāĻŦে।

āĻ¨োāĻŸ āĻ•āĻ°ে āĻ¨িāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°ো:

**pre modify the noun→ Adjective.

**pre modify the adjective/verb/Adverb→ Adverb.

**post modify the Adjective/verb/

Adverb→ Adverb.

*****pre modify the noun with……………

★possessive → my, him, her, their, our,its (sentence āĻāĻ° subject āĻŸি pronoun āĻāĻ° āĻ¯ে āĻĢāĻ°্āĻŽ āĻ āĻĨাāĻ•āĻŦে sentence āĻāĻ° possessive adjective āĻŸি āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻĢāĻ°্āĻŽ āĻ āĻšāĻŦে) āĻ•ি āĻŦুāĻ āĻ¨াāĻ‡?? example āĻĻিāĻ˛ে āĻ•্āĻ˛িāĻ¯়াāĻ° āĻšāĻŦে।

example: You can not complete……..(pre modify the noun with possessive) studies.

āĻāĻ–াāĻ¨ে sentence āĻāĻ° subject You. You er possessive āĻĢāĻ°্āĻŽ your. āĻ¤াāĻ‡ your āĻšāĻŦে।

★Gerund→ (verb+ing)

★Infinitive→ (To + V1)

★present participle→( verb+ ing)

★past participle→V3

★ Demostrative →this,that( singular noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে) these, those(plural noun āĻāĻ° āĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŦে)

example: She found……….(use a demostrative

to pre modify the noun) jug too heavy.

āĻāĻ–াāĻ¨ে āĻ¯েāĻšুāĻ¤ু jug singular āĻ¤াāĻ‡ this āĻšāĻŦে।

★phrase → A group of word that contains no verb

★Appositive→ A group of word that must reflect the Noun/pronoun

★Intensifier→very

★Quantifier→some,few,many( countable noun) some, much,little( uncountable noun)

example: They have……………. (use quantifier pre modify the noun) money.

āĻāĻ–াāĻ¨ে money uncountable noun āĻ¤াāĻ‡ much āĻšāĻŦে।


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