Tenses ins and outs জানতে Time markers জানা খুবই crucial
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Here are common time expressions for the 12 tenses in English:
Present Tenses
1. Simple Present – always, usually, generally, now and then, often, sometimes, rarely, never, every day/week/year, on Mondays...
2. Present Continuous – now, at the moment, right now, currently, at present, these days, nowadays
3. Present Perfect – already, just, yet, ever, never, so far, up to now, recently, lately
4. Present Perfect Continuous – for, since, all day, all morning
Past Tenses
5. Simple Past – yesterday, last night/week/month/year, ago (e.g., two days ago), in 2000, when I was a child
6. Past Continuous – while, as, at that moment, at 5 PM yesterday, when (used with another past action)
7. Past Perfect – before, after, already, just, never, by the time, until then
8. Past Perfect Continuous – for, since, before, until, all day, all night, by the time
Future Tenses
9. Simple Future – tomorrow, next week/month/year, in 2025, soon, in a few days, later
10. Future Continuous – at this time tomorrow, at 5 PM next Monday, while, when (used with another future action)
11. Future Perfect – by next week/month/year, by 2030, by the time, before, already, by then
12. Future Perfect Continuous – for, since, by then, by the time, before, until
Examples:
Here is a list of time markers for the 12 tenses, along with their uses:
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Here are some examples of Future Perfect and Past Perfect sentences with time markers:
Future Perfect Tense (By/By the time/Before/Until)
1. By next year, I will have completed my project.
2. By the time she arrives, we will have finished dinner.
3. Before 10 PM, they will have left the party.
4. Until next month, he will not have received his passport.
5. By the end of this week, she will have submitted her assignment.
Past Perfect Tense (Before/After/By the time)
1. Before I reached the station, the train had already left.
2. After she had finished her homework, she went to play.
3. By the time we arrived, the movie had started.
4. He had completed his work before the deadline.
5. They had never seen such a beautiful place before they traveled to Switzerland.
1. Simple Present
Time Markers: always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day/week, on Sundays
Uses:
General truths (The sun rises in the east.)
Habits and routines (She goes to school every day.)
Fixed schedules (The train leaves at 5 PM.)
2. Present Continuous
Time Markers: now, at the moment, currently, right now, these days, nowadays
Uses:
Actions happening now (She is reading a book.)
Temporary situations (I am staying in London for a week.)
Future arrangements (We are meeting at 7 PM.)
3. Present Perfect
Time Markers: already, just, yet, ever, never, so far, up to now, recently, lately
Uses:
Actions with present relevance (I have lost my keys.)
Life experiences (She has visited Paris.)
Unfinished past actions (We have lived here for ten years.)
4. Present Perfect Continuous
Time Markers: for, since, all day, all morning, lately, recently
Uses:
Actions started in the past and still continuing (I have been working here since 2015.)
Actions repeated over time (She has been calling me all day.)
5. Simple Past
Time Markers: yesterday, last week/month/year, ago, in 2000, when I was a child
Uses:
Completed actions in the past (She visited Japan last year.)
A series of past actions (He got up, brushed his teeth, and left.)
6. Past Continuous
Time Markers: while, as, at that moment, at 5 PM yesterday, when
Uses:
Actions in progress at a specific past time (I was sleeping at 10 PM.)
Two simultaneous past actions (She was cooking while I was reading.)
Interrupted past actions (I was walking when it started to rain.)
7. Past Perfect
Time Markers: before, after, already, just, never, by the time, until then
Uses:
Actions completed before another past action (She had finished dinner before I arrived.)
Past events with a sequence (By the time we reached the station, the train had left.)
8. Past Perfect Continuous
Time Markers: for, since, before, until, all day, by the time
Uses:
Actions happening over time before a past event (He had been studying for three hours before the test.)
9. Simple Future
Time Markers: tomorrow, next week/month/year, soon, in a few days, later
Uses:
Predictions (It will rain tomorrow.)
Spontaneous decisions (I will help you.)
Future facts (The sun will rise at 6 AM.)
10. Future Continuous
Time Markers: at this time tomorrow, at 5 PM next Monday, while
Uses:
Actions happening at a specific future time (I will be studying at 8 PM.)
Parallel future actions (While you are sleeping, I will be working.)
11. Future Perfect
Time Markers: by next week, by 2030, by the time, before
Uses:
Actions completed before a future time (She will have finished her project by next Monday.)
12. Future Perfect Continuous
Time Markers: for, since, by then, by the time
Uses:
Long-lasting future actions up to a specific point (By next year, she will have been working here for five years.)
Happy learning with Noor E Alam
