What is beauty
What is Beauty?
Beauty is easy to appreciate but difficult to define. As we look around, we discover beauty in pleasurable objects and sights – in nature, in the laughter of children, in the kindness of strangers. But asked to define, we run into difficulties. Does beauty have an independent objective identity? Is it universal, or is it dependent on our sense perceptions? Does it lie in the eye of the beholder? -we ask ourselves. A further difficulty arises when beauty manifests itself not only by its presence, but by its absence as well, as when we are repulsed by ugliness and desire beauty. But then ugliness has as much a place in our lives as beauty, or may be more-as when there is widespread hunger and injustice in a society. Philosophers have told us that beauty is an important part of life, but isn’t ugliness a part of life too? And if art has beauty as an important ingredient, can it confine itself only to a projection of beauty? Can art ignore what is not beautiful?
āĻ āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ
āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝ্āϝেāϰ āĻŽূāϞ্āϝাāϝ়āύ āĻāϰা āϏāĻšāĻ, āϤāĻŦে āĻāĻে āϏংāĻ্āĻাāϝ়িāϤ āĻāϰা āĻāĻ িāύ। āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻাāϰāĻĒাāĻļে āϤাāĻাāϞে āĻāĻŽāϰা āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝāĻে āĻāĻŦিāώ্āĻাāϰ āĻāϰি āĻāύāύ্āĻĻāĻĻাāϝ়āĻ āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāϏাāĻŽāĻ্āϰী āĻ āĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝাāĻŦāϞিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে, āĻĒ্āϰāĻৃāϤিāϤে, āĻļিāĻļুāĻĻেāϰ āĻšাāϏিāϤে āĻāϰ āĻāĻāύ্āϤুāĻāĻĻেāϰ āϏāĻšৃāĻĻāϝ়āϤাāϝ় । āĻিāύ্āϤু āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝāĻে āϏংāĻ্āĻাāϝ়িāϤ āĻāϰāϤে āĻŦāϞা āĻšāϞে āĻāĻŽāϰা āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϝাāϝ় āĻĒāĻĄ়ে āϝাāĻ । āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝেāϰ āĻি āĻোāύাে āϏ্āĻŦāϤāύ্āϤ্āϰ āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāĻāϤ āĻĒāϰিāĻিāϤি āĻāĻে? āĻāĻি āĻি āϏāϰ্āĻŦāĻāύীāύ? āύাāĻি āĻāĻি āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ āύুāĻূāϤিāϰ āϏংāĻŦেāĻĻāύāĻļীāϞāϤাāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āύিāϰ্āĻāϰ āĻāϰে? āĻāĻি āĻি āύিāĻšিāϤ āĻĨাāĻে āĻĻāϰ্āĻļāĻেāϰ āĻĻৃāώ্āĻিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে?– āĻāĻŽāϰা āύিāĻāĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻāϰি । āĻāϰāĻ āĻāĻিāϞāϤাāϰ āϏৃāώ্āĻি āĻšāϝ় āϝāĻāύ āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝ āύিāĻেāĻে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻāϰ্āĻļāύ āĻāϰে āĻļুāϧু āϝে āϤাāϰ āĻāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨিāϤি āĻĻিāϝ়ে āϤা āύāϝ়, āϤাāϰ āĻ āύুāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨিāϤিāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽেāĻ; āϝেāĻŽāύ, āϝāĻāύ āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻāĻĻāϰ্āϝāϤাāϝ় āύিāϰুā§āϏাāĻšিāϤ āĻšāĻ āĻāĻŦং āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝ āĻাāĻŽāύা āĻāϰি। āϤāĻŦে āĻāĻāύ āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻীāĻŦāύে āĻāĻĻāϰ্āϝāϤাāϰ āĻ āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āϤāϤāĻা āĻĨাāĻে āϝāϤāĻা āĻ āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāύ āĻĨাāĻে āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝেāϰ āĻŦা āϤাāϰ āĻেāϝ়েāĻ āĻ āϧিāĻ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে– āϝেāĻŽāύāĻা āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে āĻোāύাে āϏāĻŽাāĻে āĻŦিāϏ্āϤāϰ āĻ্āώুāϧা āĻāϰ āĻ āύ্āϝাāϝ় āĻŦিāϰাāĻāĻŽাāύ āĻĨাāĻāϞে। āĻĻাāϰ্āĻļāύিāĻāĻāĻŖ āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰāĻে āĻŦāϞেāĻেāύ āϝে, āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝ āĻšāĻ্āĻে āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻ āϤ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ ংāĻļ, āϤāĻŦে āĻāĻĻāϰ্āϝāϤাāĻ āĻি āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻ ংāĻļ āύāϝ়? āĻāϰ āϝāĻĻি āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒāĻāϞাāϰ āĻুāϰুāϤ্āĻŦāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻāĻāĻি āĻāĻĒাāĻĻাāύ āĻšিāϏেāĻŦে āĻĨেāĻে āĻĨাāĻে āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝ, āϤāĻŦে āĻāĻি āĻি āĻļুāϧুāĻ āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻāϰ্āĻļāύেāĻ āύিāĻেāĻে āϏীāĻŽাāĻŦāĻĻ্āϧ āϰাāĻে? āϝা āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰ āύāϝ় āϤাāĻে āĻি āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒāĻāϞা āĻ āĻŦāĻ্āĻা āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে?
Poets and artists have provided an answer by incorporating both into their work. In doing so, they have often tied beauty to truth and justice, so that what is not beautiful assumes a tolerable proportion as something that represents some truth about life. John Keats, the romantic poet, wrote in his celebrated ‘Ode on a Grecian Urn’ ‘Beauty is truth, truth beauty,’ by which he means that truth, even if it’s not pleasant, becomes beautiful at a higher level. Similarly, what is beautiful forever remains true. Another meaning, in the context of the Grecian Urn-an art object-is that truth is a condition of art.
āĻ āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ
āĻāĻŦি āĻ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒীāĻāĻŖ āϤাঁāĻĻেāϰ āĻāϰ্āĻŽে āĻāĻāϝ়েāϰāĻ āĻ āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻুāĻ্āϤি āϰেāĻে āĻāĻāĻা āĻāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻĻিāϝ়েāĻেāύ। āĻāĻŽāύāĻা āĻāϰāϤে āĻিāϝ়ে āϤাāϰা āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ়āĻļāĻ āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝāĻে āϏāϤ্āϝ āĻ āύ্āϝাāϝ়েāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻŦেঁāϧেāĻেāύ āϝাāϤে āĻāϰে āϝা āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰ āύāϝ় āϤা āĻāĻ āϏāĻšāύীāϝ় āĻ āύুāĻĒাāϤ āĻĒāϰিāĻ্āϰāĻš āĻāϰুāĻ āĻāĻŽāύ āĻিāĻুāϰ āĻŽāϤাে āϝা āĻীāĻŦāύ। āϏāĻŽ্āĻŦāύ্āϧে āĻিāĻু āϏāϤ্āϝেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāύিāϧিāϤ্āĻŦ āĻāϰে। āϰােāĻŽাāύ্āĻিāĻ āĻāĻŦি āĻিāĻāϏ। āϤাāϰ āĻŦāĻšুāϞ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļংāϏিāϤ ‘Ode on a Grecian Urn’- āĻ āϞিāĻেāĻেāύ ‘Beauty is truth, truth is beauty’ āϝাāϰ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϤিāύি āĻŦুāĻাāϤে āĻেāϝ়েāĻেāύ āϝে, āϏāϤ্āϝ āϤা āϝāĻĻি āϏুāĻāĻāϰ āύাāĻ āĻšāϝ়। āĻāĻ্āĻāϤāϰ āϏ্āϤāϰে āϤা āĻšāϝ়ে āĻāĻ ে āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰ। āĻ āύুāϰূāĻĒāĻাāĻŦে, āϝা āĻļাāĻļ্āĻŦāϤ। āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰ āϤা āϏāϤ্āϝ āĻšāϝ়ে āĻĨাāĻে। āĻāĻ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒāĻāϞাāϰ āϏাāĻŽāĻ্āϰী The Grecian Urn-āĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰাāϏāĻ্āĻিāĻāϤাāϝ় āĻāϰ āĻāϰেāĻ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāĻ্āĻে āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒāĻুāĻŖ-āϝা, āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒāĻāϞাāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻļāϰ্āϤ।
Poetry in every language celebrates beauty and truth. So does art. Here are two poems from two different times that present some enduring ideas about beauty and truth. The poems are by Lord Byron (1788-1824), an English poet of the Romantic tradition, and Emily Dickinson (1830-1886), an American poet who wrote about the human scene, love and death.
āĻ āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ
āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻ āĻাāώাāϰ āĻāĻŦিāϤা āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝ āĻ āϏāϤ্āϝেāϰ āĻŦāύ্āĻĻāύা āĻāϰে। āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒāĻāϞাāĻ āϤাāĻ āĻāϰে। āĻāĻাāύে āĻিāύ্āύ āĻিāύ্āύ āĻĻুāĻ āϏāĻŽāϝ়েāϰ āĻĻুāĻি, āĻāĻŦিāϤা āϰāϝ়েāĻে āϝেāĻুāϞাে āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝ āĻ āϏāϤ্āϝ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻিāĻু āĻļ্āĻŦাāĻļāϤ āϧাāϰāĻŖা āĻāĻĒāϏ্āĻĨাāĻĒāύ āĻāϰāĻে। āĻāĻŦিāϤাāĻুāϞাে āϰােāĻŽাāύ্āĻিāĻ āĻāϤিāĻš্āϝ। āĻ āύুāϰাāĻেāϰ āĻংāϰেāĻ āĻāĻŦি āϞāϰ্āĻĄ āĻŦাāĻāϰāύ (ā§§ā§ā§Žā§Ž-ā§§ā§Žā§¨ā§Ē) āĻāĻŦং āĻŽাāύāĻŦীāϝ় āĻĻৃāĻļ্āϝ, āĻাāϞােāĻŦাāϏা āĻ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āύিāϝ়ে āϞেāĻা āĻāĻŽেāϰিāĻাāύ āĻāĻŦি āĻāĻŽিāϞি āĻĄিāĻিāύāϏāύ (ā§§ā§Žā§Šā§Ļ-ā§§ā§Žā§Žā§Ŧ) āĻāϰ্āϤৃāĻ āϰāĻিāϤ।
‘She Walks in Beauty’ by Lord Byron
(1)
She walks in beauty, like the night
Of cloudless climes and starry skies;
And all that’s best of dark and bright
Meet in her aspect and her eyes:
Thus mellowed to that tender light
Which heaven to gaudy day denies.
(2)
One shade the more, one ray the less,
Had half impaired the nameless grace
Which waves in every raven tress,
Or softly lightens o’er her face;
Where thoughts serenely sweet express,
How pure, how dear their dwelling-place.
(3)
And on that cheek, and o’er that brow,
So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,
The smiles that win, the tints that glow,
But tell of days in goodness spent,
A mind at peace with all below,
A heart whose love is innocent!
āĻ āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ
‘āϏে āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰেāϰ āĻŽাāĻে āĻšেঁāĻে āĻŦেā§াā§’ – āϞāϰ্āĻĄ āĻŦাā§āϰāύ
āϏে āĻšাঁāĻāϞে āĻĒāϰে āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝ āĻāϰে āϏেāĻ āϰাāϤেāϰ āϤে।
(āϝে āϰাāϤে āĻšāϝ়) āĻŽেāĻāĻšীāύ āĻাāϰāĻĒাāĻļ āĻāϰ āϤাāϰা āĻāϰা āĻāĻাāĻļ,
āĻāϞো-āĻঁāϧাāϰিāϰ āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰāϤāĻŽ āĻাāϝ়া āĻেāϞে āϝাāϝ়
āϤাāϰ āĻোāĻ āĻোāĻĄ়া āĻāϰ āĻĻেāĻšāĻāĻ্āĻিāĻŽাāϝ়:
āĻāϰ āĻāĻাāĻŦেāĻ āϏে āϏেāĻ āĻোāĻŽāϞ āĻāϞােāϰ āϏাāĻĨে।
āĻāĻা āĻšāϝ়ে āϝাāϝ়- āĻāĻāĻŽāĻে āĻāĻ্āĻ্āĻŦāϞ āĻĻিāύāĻেāĻ।
āĻāĻাāĻļ āϝে āĻāϞাে āĻĻিāϤে āĻ āϏ্āĻŦীāĻাāϰ āĻāϰে ।
āĻাāϝ়াāϰ āĻāĻীāϰāϤা āĻāĻāĻু āĻŦেāĻļী āĻšāϞে āĻ āĻĨāĻŦা āĻāĻāĻা
āĻāϞোāĻāϰāĻļ্āĻŽি āĻāĻŽ āĻšāϞে āĻ āϰ্āϧেāĻ āĻāĻŽে āϝাāĻŦে।
āϏেāĻ āύাāĻŽāĻšীāύ āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝ āϝা
āĻĸেāĻ āĻেāϞে āϝাāϝ় āϰ্āϝাāĻেāύ āĻ্āϰি-āϤে āĻ āĻĨāĻŦা
āĻোāĻŽāϞ āĻাāϝ়া āĻĢেāϞে āϝাāϝ় āϤাāϰ āĻেāĻļ্āϰীāϤে;
āϝেāĻাāύে āĻŦিāĻাāϏিāϤ āĻļাāύ্āϤ āĻŽিāώ্āĻি āĻাāĻŦāύাāĻুāϞো
āϝেāύ āĻŦāϞে āĻĻিāϝ়ে āϝাāϝ় āĻāϤ āĻĒāĻŦিāϤ্āϰ āĻāϰ āĻāϤ āĻĒ্āϰিāϝ় āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻ
āĻāϰ āϏেāĻ āĻāĻĒাāϞেāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻāϰ āĻুāϝুāĻāϞেāϰ āĻĒāϰে
āĻāϤ āĻļাāύ্āϤ āĻোāĻŽāϞ āĻ āĻĨāĻ āĻāĻ
āĻŦিāĻāϝ়ী āĻšাāϏি āĻেāϞে āϝাāϝ়,
āϤাāϰ āĻāϞāĻ্āĻāĻšীāύāĻাāĻŦে āϝাāĻĒিāϤ āĻĻিāύāĻুāϞিāϰ āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāϞে āĻĻিāϝ়ে āϝাāϝ়।
āĻāĻāĻি āĻļাāύ্āϤ āύে āϝাāϰ āύিāĻে āϏāĻŦāĻিāĻু āϏāĻŽাāĻšিāϤ āĻšāϝ়ে āĻāĻে।
āĻāĻāĻি āĻšৃāĻĻāϝ় āϝাāϰ āĻাāϞোāĻŦাāϏা āύিāώ্āĻĒাāĻĒ ।
‘I Died For Beauty’ by Emily Dickinson
I died for beauty, but was scarce
Adjusted in the tomb,
When one who died for truth was lain
In an adjoining room.
He questioned softly why I failed?
‘For beauty,’ I replied.
‘And I for truth – the two are one;
‘We brethren are,’ he said.
And so, as kinsmen met a night,
We talked between the rooms,
Until the moss had reached our lips,
And covered up our names.
āĻ āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ
‘āϏুāύ্āĻĻāϰেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝāĻ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুāĻŦāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰেāĻিāϞাāĻŽ’- āĻāĻŽিāϞি āĻĄিāĻেāύāϏāύ
āĻāĻŽি āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুāĻে āĻŦāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰāϞাāĻŽ āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ
āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻĻুāϰ্āϞāĻāĻাāĻŦে āϏāĻŽাāϧিāϤে āϏāĻŽāύ্āĻŦিāϤ āĻšāϝ়েāĻিāϞাāĻŽ,
āϝিāύি āϏāϤ্āϝেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুāĻŦāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰāϞেāύ āϤাঁāĻে āĻļাāϝ়িāϤ āĻāϰা āĻšāϞো
āϏংāϞāĻ্āύ āĻোāύো āĻāĻāĻি āĻāĻ্āώে।
āύāĻŽ্āϰāĻāĻŖ্āĻ ে āϤিāύি āĻিāĻ্āĻাāϏিāϞেāύ āĻেāύ āĻāĻŽি āĻŦ্āϝāϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāϞাāĻŽ?
āϏৌāύ্āĻĻāϰ্āϝেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ, āĻāĻŽি āĻāϤ্āϤāϰে āĻŦāϞেāĻিāϞাāĻŽ।
āĻāϰ āĻāĻŽি āϏāϤ্āϝেāϰ āĻĒāĻ্āώে– āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻĻুāĻāύে āĻāĻ,
āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻাāĻ-āĻাāĻ, āϤিāύি āĻŦāϞāϞেāύ।
āĻāϰ āϤাāĻ, āϝāĻāύ āĻāϤ্āĻŽীāϝ়āϰা āϰাāϤে āϏাāĻ্āώাā§ āĻāϰāϞেāύ
āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻĻু’āĻāύেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāϞāϞাāĻŽ।
āϝে āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āύা āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻāώ্āĻ āĻĻ্āĻŦāϝ় āĻĒāϰ্āϝāύ্āϤ āĻļেāĻāϞা āĻāϏে āĻĒৌāĻে
āĻāϰ āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āύাāĻŽ āĻুāϞো āĻĸেāĻে āĻĢেāϞে।
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