O Me! O Life!
-by Walt Whitman
Oh me! Oh life! of the questions of these recurring,
Of the endless trains of the faithless, of cities fill’d with the foolish,
Of myself forever reproaching myself, (for who more foolish than I, and who more faithless?)
Of eyes that vainly crave the light, of the objects mean, of the struggle ever renew’d,
Of the poor results of all, of the plodding and sordid crowds I see around me,
Of the empty and useless years of the rest, with the rest me intertwined,
The question, O me! so sad, recurring—What good amid these, O me, O life?
Answer.
That you are here—that life exists and identity,
That the powerful play goes on, and you may contribute a verse.
āĻ āύুāĻŦাāĻĻ
āĻšে āĻāĻŽি! āĻšে āĻীāĻŦāύ!
āĻā§াāϞ্āĻ āĻšুāĻāĻāĻŽ্āϝাāύ
“āĻāĻš āĻāĻŽি! āĻāĻš āĻীāĻŦāύ! — āĻāĻ āĻŦাāϰāĻŦাāϰ āĻĢিāϰে āĻāϏা āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻুāϞো;
āĻāĻ āĻ āϏীāĻŽ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏāĻšীāύ āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āϧাāϰা — āĻŽূāϰ্āĻে āĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āύāĻāϰāĻুāϞো;
āĻāĻŽি āύিāĻেāĻেāĻ āĻ āύāĻŦāϰāϤ āĻĻোāώ āĻĻেāĻ, (āĻাāϰāĻŖ āĻāĻŽিāĻ āϤো āϏāĻŦāĻেā§ে āĻŽূāϰ্āĻ, āϏāĻŦāĻেā§ে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏāĻāĻ্āĻāĻাāϰী?)
āϝে āĻোāĻāĻুāϞো āĻāϞো āĻĒেāϤে āĻাā§ āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻĒাā§ āύা — āϤুāĻ্āĻ āĻŦāϏ্āϤুāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻāĻāϰ্āώāĻŖ — āĻিāϰāύ্āϤāύ āϏংāĻ্āϰাāĻŽ;
āϏāĻŦ āĻিāĻুāϰ āĻĻāϰিāĻĻ্āϰ āĻĢāϞাāĻĢāϞ — āϝেāϏāĻŦ āĻ্āϞাāύ্āϤিāĻāϰ āĻ āύিāĻু āĻŽাāύāϏিāĻāϤাāϰ āĻিā§ āĻāĻŽি āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāύিā§āϤ āĻĻেāĻি;
āĻ āύ্āϝāĻĻেāϰ āύিāϰāϰ্āĻĨāĻ, āĻļূāύ্āϝ āĻŦāĻāϰ — āĻāϰ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϏাāĻĨেāĻ āĻā§িā§ে āĻĨাāĻা āĻāĻŽি;
āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύāĻি, āĻāĻš āĻāĻŽি! āĻāϤ āĻĻুঃāĻেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻāĻŦাāϰ āĻāϏে — āĻāĻāϏāĻŦেāϰ āĻŽাāĻেāĻ āĻāĻĒāĻাāϰ āĻী, āĻāĻš āĻāĻŽি, āĻāĻš āĻীāĻŦāύ?”
āĻāϤ্āϤāϰ:
āϤুāĻŽি āĻāĻাāύে āĻāĻো — āĻীāĻŦāύ āĻāĻে āĻāĻŦং āĻĒāϰিāĻā§ (āĻেāϤāύ) āĻāĻে;
āĻāĻāĻি āĻļāĻ্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āύাāĻāĻ āĻāϞāĻে — āĻāĻŦং āϤুāĻŽিāĻ āϤাāϤে āĻāĻāĻি āĻĒংāĻ্āϤি āϝোāĻ āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰো।
Questions:
(i) What is the main theme of the poem O Me! O Life!?
(ii) What recurring questions does the poet mention?
(iii) What does the poet mean by ‘useless years’?
(iv) Is age an identity marker? What are the attributes of old age?
(v) What do ‘sordid’ and ‘plodding’ mean?
(vi) What ‘faith’ does the poet mention here?
(vii) Is there a symbolic meaning of ‘contribute a verse’ in the last line?
(viii) Do you find the answer section of the poem convincing?
Extra Question:
(a) What does the poet mean by ‘eyes that vainly crave the light’?
(b) What does ‘the powerful play’ refer to?
(c) Why does the poet call the crowds ‘sordid and plodding’?
(d) Why does the poet reproach himself?
(e) What is the poet’s attitude towards life?
(f) Why does the poet use the phrase ‘Oh me! Oh life!’ repeatedly?
(g) How does the poet describe the struggles of life?
(h) Why does the poet mention ’empty and useless years’?
(i) What is the message of the poem?
(j) What does the poet mean by ‘faithless’?
(k) Why does the poet mention ‘struggle ever renewed’?
(1) What is the poet searching for in the poem?
(m) What does the poet ask us to remember about life?
Answer:
(i) The main theme of Walt Whitman’s poem “O Me! O Life!” is the search for meaning and purpose in the midst of despair, doubt, and the struggles of life. The speaker reflects on the difficulties and disappointments of the world—people acting foolishly, the repetition of life’s sorrows—and question the value of existence.
However, the poem concludes with an affirming answer: despite all the struggles, you are alive, and your life has purpose simply because you are part of the ongoing drama of existence. The final lines—“That you are here—that life exists and identity, / That the powerful play goes on, and you may contribute a verse”—underscore a message of hope and individual significance.
(i) āĻāϝ়াāϞ্āĻ āĻšুāĻāĻāĻŽ্āϝাāύেāϰ “āĻ āĻāĻŽি! āĻ āĻীāĻŦāύ!” āĻāĻŦিāϤাāϰ āĻŽূāϞ āĻŦিāώāϝ়āĻŦāϏ্āϤু āĻšāϞো āĻšāϤাāĻļা, āϏāύ্āĻĻেāĻš āĻāĻŦং āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āϏংāĻ্āϰাāĻŽেāϰ āĻŽাāĻে āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝেāϰ āϏāύ্āϧাāύ। āĻŦāĻ্āϤা āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦীāϰ āĻ āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āĻāĻŦং āĻšāϤাāĻļাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻĢāϞāύ āĻāĻাāύ – āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻŦোāĻাāĻŽি āĻāϰে āĻāĻāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰে, āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻĻুঃāĻেāϰ āĻĒুāύāϰাāĻŦৃāϤ্āϤি āĻāϰে – āĻāĻŦং āĻ āϏ্āϤিāϤ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻŽূāϞ্āϝ āύিāϝ়ে āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āϤোāϞে।
āϝাāĻāĻšোāĻ, āĻāĻŦিāϤাāĻি āĻāĻāĻি āύিāĻļ্āĻিāϤ āĻāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻĻিāϝ়ে āĻļেāώ āĻšāϝ়: āϏāĻŽāϏ্āϤ āϏংāĻ্āϰাāĻŽ āϏāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦেāĻ, āĻāĻĒāύি āĻŦেঁāĻে āĻāĻেāύ, āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻĒāύাāϰ āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āϰāϝ়েāĻে āĻাāϰāĻŖ āĻāĻĒāύি āĻ āϏ্āϤিāϤ্āĻŦেāϰ āĻāϞāĻŽাāύ āύাāĻāĻেāϰ āĻ ংāĻļ। āĻļেāώ āϞাāĻāύāĻুāϞি – “āĻāĻĒāύি āĻāĻাāύে āĻāĻেāύ – āϝে āĻীāĻŦāύ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝāĻŽাāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻĒāϰিāĻāϝ়, / āϝে āĻļāĻ্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āύাāĻāĻāĻি āĻāϞāϤে āĻĨাāĻে, āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻĒāύি āĻāĻāĻি āĻĒāĻĻ āĻ āĻŦāĻĻাāύ āϰাāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰেāύ” – āĻāĻļা āĻāĻŦং āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤিāĻāϤ āϤাā§āĻĒāϰ্āϝেāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻŦাāϰ্āϤা āϤুāϞে āϧāϰে।
(ii) ) The poet asks why life seems full of struggles, faithlessness, and foolishness. He wonders about ( the purpose of living among such challenges.
(ii) āĻāĻŦি āĻিāĻ্āĻাāϏা āĻāϰেāύ āĻেāύ āĻীāĻŦāύ āϏংāĻ্āϰাāĻŽ, āĻ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āĻāĻŦং āĻŦোāĻাāĻŽিāϤে āĻĒāϰিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻŦāϞে āĻŽāύে āĻšāϝ়। āϤিāύি āĻাāĻŦāĻেāύ (āĻāĻ āϧāϰāύেāϰ āĻ্āϝাāϞেāĻ্āĻেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻŦেঁāĻে āĻĨাāĻাāϰ āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āĻী) ।
(iii) The poet refers to times in life when he feels his efforts have been wasted without purpose.
(iii) āĻāĻŦি āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻāĻŽāύ āϏāĻŽāϝ়āĻুāϞোāϰ āĻāĻĨা āĻāϞ্āϞেāĻ āĻāϰেāĻেāύ āϝāĻāύ āϤিāύি āĻ āύুāĻāĻŦ āĻāϰেāύ āϝে āϤাāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻেāώ্āĻা āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝāĻšীāύāĻাāĻŦে āύāώ্āĻ āĻšāϝ়ে āĻেāĻে।
(iv) Yes, age can be an identity marker. Attributes of old age may include wisdom, experience, and sometimes regret or a sense of lost time.
(iv) āĻš্āϝাঁ, āĻŦāϝ়āϏ āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻāϝ়েāϰ āĻিāĻš্āύ āĻšāϤে āĻĒাāϰে। āĻŦাāϰ্āϧāĻ্āϝেāϰ āĻŦৈāĻļিāώ্āĻ্āϝāĻুāϞিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āϰāϝ়েāĻে āĻ্āĻাāύ, āĻ āĻিāĻ্āĻāϤা, āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻāύāĻ āĻāĻāύāĻ āĻ āύুāĻļোāĻāύা āĻŦা āĻšাāϰিāϝ়ে āϝাāĻāϝ়া āϏāĻŽāϝ়েāϰ āĻ āύুāĻূāϤি।
(v) Sordid means dirty, unpleasant, or morally bad. Plodding means slow and tiring work.
(v) “Sordid” āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āύোংāϰা, āĻ āĻĒ্āϰীāϤিāĻāϰ, āĻ āĻĨāĻŦা āύৈāϤিāĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻাāϰাāĻĒ। “Plodding” āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āϧীāϰ āĻāĻŦং āĻ্āϞাāύ্āϤিāĻāϰ āĻাāĻ।
(vi)The poet speaks of a lack of faith in himself and others, showing disappointment with human actions.
(vi) āĻāĻŦি āύিāĻেāϰ āĻāĻŦং āĻ āύ্āϝāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏেāϰ āĻ āĻাāĻŦেāϰ āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāϞেāĻেāύ, āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻāϰ্āĻŽāĻাāĻŖ্āĻĄে āĻšāϤাāĻļা āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻļ āĻāϰেāĻেāύ।
(vii) Yes, it means that everyone can add their unique part to the on-going story of life.
(vii) āĻš্āϝাঁ, āĻāϰ āĻŽাāύে āĻšāϞ āϝে āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻেāĻ āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻāϞāĻŽাāύ āĻāϞ্āĻĒে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ āύāύ্āϝ āĻ ংāĻļ āϝোāĻ āĻāϰāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
(viii) Yes, it gives hope by reminding us that life has meaning and that each of us can contribute to the greater world beyond ourselves.
(viii) āĻš্āϝাঁ, āĻāĻি āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻļা āĻাāĻাā§, āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻāĻে āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻেāĻ āύিāĻেāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦাāĻāϰেāϰ āĻŦৃāĻšāϤ্āϤāϰ āĻāĻāϤে āĻ āĻŦāĻĻাāύ āϰাāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰি।
Solution to Question For More Practice
(a) The poet means that people desire knowledge and truth but often fail to find them.
(a) āĻāĻŦিāϰ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāϞো āĻŽাāύুāώ āĻ্āĻাāύ āĻāĻŦং āϏāϤ্āϝ āĻাāĻŽāύা āĻāϰে āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻĒ্āϰাāϝ়āĻļāĻ āϤা āĻুঁāĻে āĻĒাāϝ় āύা।
(b) The powerful play refers to the on-going drama of life where everyone plays a part.
(b) āĻāĻ āĻļāĻ্āϤিāĻļাāϞী āύাāĻāĻāĻি āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻāϞāĻŽাāύ āύাāĻāĻāĻে āĻŦোāĻাāϝ় āϝেāĻাāύে āĻĒ্āϰāϤ্āϝেāĻেāĻ āĻāĻāĻি āĻূāĻŽিāĻা āĻĒাāϞāύ āĻāϰে।
(c) The port sees common people to be involved in selfish and brutal acts; hence he calls them sordid. Again, life is a tiresome journey when everyone is selfish and purposeless. So, he terms the crowds as plodding.
(c) āĻŦāύ্āĻĻāϰ āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻŽাāύুāώāĻে āϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨāĻĒāϰ āĻāĻŦং āύৃāĻļংāϏ āĻাāĻে āĻāĻĄ়িāϤ āĻŦāϞে āĻŽāύে āĻāϰে; āϤাāĻ āϤিāύি āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻāύ্āϝ āĻŦāϞে āĻ āĻিāĻšিāϤ āĻāϰেāύ। āĻāĻŦাāϰ, āĻীāĻŦāύ āĻāĻāĻি āĻ্āϞাāύ্āϤিāĻāϰ āϝাāϤ্āϰা āϝāĻāύ āϏāĻŦাāĻ āϏ্āĻŦাāϰ্āĻĨāĻĒāϰ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝāĻšীāύ। āϤাāĻ, āϤিāύি āĻāύāϤাāĻে āĻāĻŽāĻāĻŽাāĻ āĻŦāϞে āĻ āĻিāĻšিāϤ āĻāϰেāύ।
(d) The poet reproaches himself because he feels he has been foolish and faithless, just like the people he criticizes.
āĻāĻŦি āύিāĻেāĻে āϤিāϰāϏ্āĻাāϰ āĻāϰেāύ āĻাāϰāĻŖ āϤিāύি āĻŽāύে āĻāϰেāύ āϝে āϤিāύি āĻŦোāĻা āĻāĻŦং āĻ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏী, āĻ িāĻ āϝেāĻŽāύ āϤিāύি āϝাāĻĻেāϰ āϏāĻŽাāϞোāĻāύা āĻāϰেāύ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāϤো।
(e) Tar poet feels sad and disappointed at first but later finds hope in the idea of contributing something meaningful to life.
(e) āĻāĻŦি āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨāĻŽে āĻĻুঃāĻিāϤ āĻāĻŦং āĻšāϤাāĻļ āĻŦোāϧ āĻāϰেāύ āĻিāύ্āϤু āĻĒāϰে āĻীāĻŦāύে āĻ āϰ্āĻĨāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻিāĻু āĻ āĻŦāĻĻাāύ āϰাāĻাāϰ āϧাāϰāĻŖাāϝ় āĻāĻļা āĻুঁāĻে āĻĒাāύ।
(f) The poet repeats this phrase to express his frustration and deep questioning about the meaning of life.
(f) āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āϤাāϰ āĻšāϤাāĻļা āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻীāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļ্āύ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻļ āĻāϰাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻāĻŦি āĻāĻ āĻŦাāĻ্āϝাংāĻļāĻি āĻĒুāύāϰাāĻŦৃāϤ্āϤি āĻāϰেāĻেāύ।
(g) The poet describes life as full of endless struggles that keep coming back, making it hard for people to find peace.
(g) āĻāĻŦি āĻীāĻŦāύāĻে āĻ āĻŦিāϰাāĻŽ āϏংāĻ্āϰাāĻŽে āĻĒāϰিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻŦāϞে āĻŦāϰ্āĻŖāύা āĻāϰেāĻেāύ āϝা āĻŦাāϰāĻŦাāϰ āĻĢিāϰে āĻāϏে, āϝাāϰ āĻĢāϞে āĻŽাāύুāώেāϰ āĻļাāύ্āϤি āĻুঁāĻে āĻĒাāĻāϝ়া āĻāĻ িāύ āĻšāϝ়ে āĻĒāĻĄ়ে।
(h) The poet mentions empty and useless years’ to express disappointment about life’s failures and mistakes. Without purpose and faith in God, life meaning, purpose however, he also believes that life still has meaning and hope. Life is devoid of any absolute truth.
(h) āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻŦ্āϝāϰ্āĻĨāϤা āĻāĻŦং āĻুāϞ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻšāϤাāĻļা āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻļ āĻāϰাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻāĻŦি āĻাāϞি āĻāĻŦং āĻ āĻেāĻো āĻŦāĻāϰেāϰ āĻāĻĨা āĻāϞ্āϞেāĻ āĻāϰেāĻেāύ। āĻāĻļ্āĻŦāϰেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āĻāĻŦং āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āĻাāĻĄ়া āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ, āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ। āϝাāĻāĻšোāĻ, āϤিāύি āĻāϰāĻ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āĻāϰেāύ āϝে āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻāĻāύāĻ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻļা āϰāϝ়েāĻে। āĻীāĻŦāύ āĻোāύāĻ āĻĒāϰāĻŽ āϏāϤ্āϝ āĻĨেāĻে āĻŦāĻ্āĻিāϤ।
(i)The poem encourages us to find hope, purpose, and contribute something meaningful to the world despite life’s difficulties.
(i) āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āύাāύাāύ āĻ āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āϏāϤ্āϤ্āĻŦেāĻ, āĻāĻŦিāϤাāĻি āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻļা, āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āĻুঁāĻে āĻĒেāϤে āĻāĻŦং āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦীāϤে āĻ āϰ্āĻĨāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻিāĻু āĻ āĻŦāĻĻাāύ āϰাāĻāϤে āĻā§āϏাāĻšিāϤ āĻāϰে।
(j) Faithless refers to the distrust among individuals and communities. In a broader aspect despair in God creates a state of frustration out of faithlessness.
(j) āĻ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏ āĻŦāϞāϤে āĻŦ্āϝāĻ্āϤি āĻ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāϝ়েāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏāĻে āĻŦোāĻাāϝ়। āĻŦিāϏ্āϤৃāϤ āĻĻৃāώ্āĻিāĻোāĻŖ āĻĨেāĻে, āĻāĻļ্āĻŦāϰেāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāϤি āĻšāϤাāĻļা āĻ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦাāϏেāϰ āĻাāϰāĻŖে āĻšāϤাāĻļাāϰ āĻāĻāĻি āĻ āĻŦāϏ্āĻĨা āϤৈāϰি āĻāϰে।
(k) The poet means that life is full of on-going challenges that we fail to overcome.
(k) āĻāĻŦি āĻŦুāĻাāϤে āĻেā§েāĻেāύ āϰ্āĻীāĻŦāύ āĻāĻŽāύ āϏāĻŦ āĻāϞāĻŽাāύ āĻ্āϝাāϞেāĻ্āĻে āĻĒāϰিāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āϝা āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻাāĻিāϝ়ে āĻāĻ āϤে āĻŦ্āϝāϰ্āĻĨ āĻšāĻ।
(1) The poet is searching for the meaning and purpose of life.
(l) āĻāĻŦি āĻীāĻŦāύেāϰ āĻ āϰ্āĻĨ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻĻ্āĻĻেāĻļ্āϝ āĻ āύুāϏāύ্āϧাāύ āĻāϰāĻেāύ।
(m) The poet asks us to remember that life exists, we have our own identity, and we can make a meaningful contribution to the world.
(m) āĻāĻŦি āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŽāύে āϰাāĻāϤে āĻŦāϞেāύ āϝে āĻীāĻŦāύ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āϝāĻŽাāύ, āĻāĻŽাāĻĻেāϰ āύিāĻāϏ্āĻŦ āĻĒāϰিāĻāϝ় āĻāĻে āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻŽāϰা āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦে āĻ āϰ্āĻĨāĻĒূāϰ্āĻŖ āĻ āĻŦāĻĻাāύ āϰাāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰি।
Happy learning with Noor E Alam
University of Dhaka

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