Tag questions

 Tag questions এর আদ্যোপান্ত (ins and outs)

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সঠিকভাবে সঠিক শব্দ ও grammar তথা ইংরেজি শিখুন এবং শেয়ার করে অন্যকে শেখার সুযোগ দিন।

Some tough tag questions

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প্রিয় শিক্ষার্থীরা, শুভেচ্ছা নিয়ো। Grammar অংশ থেকে Tag Question-এর ওপর ৫ নম্বরের প্রশ্ন থাকবে।

1.

(a) Time and tide wait for none, —?

(b) Nobody knows when death comes, —?

(c) Happy birthday to you, —?

(d) Our deeds and actions show probably we will never depart, —?

(e) Messi, —?

Answer. 1.

(a) Time and tide wait for none, do they?

(b) Nobody knows when death comes, do they?

(c) Happy birthday to you, don’t I?

(d) Our deeds and actions show probably we will never depart, don’t they?

(e) Messi, aren’t you?

2.

(a) We ought to love our country, —?

(b) How sweetly the bird sings, —?

(c) I am punctual, —?

(d) The wind blows, —?

(e) Nobody believes a liar, —?

Answer. 2.

a) We ought to love country, oughtn’t we?

b) How sweetly the bird sings, doesn’t it?

c) I am punctual, ain’t I/ aren’t I?

d) The wind blows, doesn’t it?

e) Nobody believes a liar, do they?

3.

(a) That he is honest is known to all, —?

(b)He may excuse this fault, —?

(c) My friends and I hardly go there, —?

(d) The moon shines at night, —?

(e) Men who live long grow old, —?

Answer. 3.

a) That he is honest is known to all, isn’t it?

b) He may excuse this fault, mayn’t he?

c) My friends and I hardly go there, do we?

d) The moon shines at night, doesn’t she?

e) Men who live long grow old, don’t they?

4.

(a) Neither of them is guilty, —?

(b) The cat likes milk, —?

(c) Who cares, —?

(d) You need not do it, —?

(e) You will meet me tomorrow, —?

Answer. 4.

a) Neither of them is guilty, are they?

b) The cat likes milk, doesn’t it?

c) Who cares, do they?

d) You need not do it, need you?

e) You will meet me tomorrow, won’t you?

প্রিয় শিক্ষার্থী, English Grammar এর important part Tag questions-এর Rules ও Solution নিয়ে আলোচনা করব।

No-এর সঙ্গে man, woman, boy, girl, teacher, student, mother, father person থাকলে Tag করতে subject they হবে—

1. No man is immortal, are they?

2. No father dislikes his son, do they?

N.B. Negative বাক্য, positive Tag, Subject 'they', তাই verb is না হয়ে are হয়েছে।

31. The mother, the father, the brother, the sister, the beast প্রভৃতি দ্বারা abstract idea অর্থাত্ মাতৃত্ব, পিতৃত্ব, পশুত্ব এরূপ বোঝালে Tag করতে Subject 'it' হবে (She, he) হবে না)।

1. The mother in her rose, didn't it?

2. The father in him got an upperhand, didn't it?

3. The sister in her draws me closer, doesn't it?

32. Subject-এ যদি affirmative ও Negative দুটো part-B থাকে তবে verb affirmative part অনুযায়ী হবে এবং Tag করতে affirmative অংশের subject-এর pronoun রূপ বসবে—

1. Tanni not I is going to see the film, isn’t she?

2. I not Tareq am going to recite the poem, aren’t I?

33. Half of, Part of, Two-thirds of, Three-fourths of, The rest of প্রভৃতি word/phrase singular noun-এর পূর্বে subject হিসেবে বসলে verb singular হবে এবং Tag করতে subject it হবে। আর এরা plural noun-এর আগে subject হিসেবে বসলে verv plural হবে এবং Tag করতে subject they হবে—

1. Half of the sugar is missing from the pot, isn’t it?

2. Half of the books were lost, weren’t they?

3. Three-fourths of the money was spent, wasn’t is?

34. দুটো Subject ‘Both...and’ দ্বারা যুক্ত হলে—Tag করতে- subject ‘they’ হয়। Not only...but also দ্বারা দুটো subject যুক্ত হলে দ্বিতীয় subject ও তার পাশের verb অনুযায়ী Tag করতে হয়।

1. Both Tanni and Tamima have arrived, haven’t they?

2. Not only Tanni but also her friends are fond of football, aren’t they?

35. Either of the boys, Either of the girls, Either of the students, Either of the sisters দ্বারা বাক্য শুরু হলে Tag করতে Subject ‘they’ হয়। ফলে verb-ও plural হয়:

1. Either of the boys has lost his bag, haven’t they?

2. Either of the girls is intelligent, aren’t they?

36. Neither of the boys, Neither of the girls, Neither of students, Neither of the sisters দ্বারা বাক্য শুরু হলে Tag করতে subject ‘They’ হবে—ফলে vevb-ও plural হবে।

1. Neither of the girls has lost her pen, have they?

2. Neither of the boys helped the man, did they?

3. Neither of the students is bright, are they?

There's no problem with the car, is there?

There is/are no apples left in the carton, are there?

The poor man has nowhere to go, does he?

Nobody cares about it, do they?

It has nothing to do with the incident, does it?

Nothing is as precious as unobtainium, is it?

Nobody has been told, have they?

Everybody is ready to leave now, aren't they?

Open the door, will you? ( Won't you /Can you/ Can't you) Imperatives

Let's (not) go there today, shall we?

She almost never studied, did she?

I don't believe you've paid for it yet, have you?

This/ That suit is expensive, isn't it?

I'm right, aren't I?

She scarcely cares, does she?

Somebody applied for the job, didn't they?

Nobody applied for the job, did they?

Not just anyone can apply, can they?

Nothing went wrong, did it?

Anything could happen, couldn't it?

Something exciting happened, didn't it?

সৌজন্যে: Hopeland 

পরিচালনায়: নূরে আলম Sir

Contact number: 01750044274

Right form of verbs

 grow, form, exercise, mould shape, get, take, learn, influence, teach 

1. A mother (a) — undeniable influences in (b) — children’s character and in (c) — their future destiny. The things that they learn at home (d) — a firm root in them. And it goes without saying that this learning they (e) — mostly from their mother as they live under her direct supervision and constant care. This is why, a child (f) — the language first from its mother. The culture of the family also (g) — the children’s habits and manners. Mother should (h) — her children how to (i) — the habit of good manners to (j) — up in gentle environment.

2. become—give—apply—keep—mix—learn—open—enrich—receive—wish—look—know

Bookish knowledge (a) — useless when one (b) — it in the real life. In our practical life, we (c) — with different types of people and we get (d) — by learning from their way of living, manners and other things. The world is big. If we (e) — our eyes and ears (f) —, we can learn good things of life. The outside world (g) — us a wide scope of (h) — different people and their cultures. The things (i) — at schools and colleges are important but what we (j) — from our practical life is precious.

3. ensure—treat—indulge—be—sit—possess—cut—need—bid—prosper

Regular participation in games and sports (a) — good health and good physical health gives one good mental health. Keep in mind that to study when it (b) — time for that and to play when it is time for playing is a good rule to follow. Good children do (c) — in games all day long. As soon as it is time for study they (d) — down to study. For this reason, everybody (e) — them with love and tenderness. They never (f) — a sorry figure in the exam. They (g) — fair to success. They can (h) — in life. They can also (i) — good health. We (j) — such students in our society.

4.  contribute confine keep prove

work develop receive become

adopt be

According to history, women in the past were (a) ---within the four walls. But at present, they (b) ---no longer captive to their parents’ or husbands’ house. With the passage of time, the outlook and attitude have been (c) ---as men and women are (d) ---themselves to the changing society. By (e) ---education, they are (f) ---pilots, doctors, engineers, high officials, etc. They are (g) ---hand in hand with men in all worthy programmes. They are now able to (h) ---their worth. They (i) ---much to the economy of the country. Now, it has come to the realization of men that no development is possible by (j) ---half of our population idle at home.

5. bestow be enable lose be have

owe belong cause show

We (a)---to our nature for (b)---us with her gifts lavishly. We (c)---a large area of land but the negligible area of land that (d) ---to us, is very fertile. We (e) ---ungrateful to our soil. But our activities (f) ---that we have (g) ---ungrateful to our soil. We are constantly (h)---soil pollution by our unwise activities. As a result, our fertile land is (i) ---its fertility which has (j) ---us to grow crops easily.

6. ensure imagine refer create treat take eliminate establish broaden keep

Gender inequality is a barrier to the overall development of a country. Gender equality (a) ---to the condition in which both men and women (b) ---equally and fairly in all circumstances Without (c) ---the participation of the both, the social and economic development (d) ---. Elimination of gender disparity is a demand of the day with a view to (e) ---human rights. Our government, already (f) ---some initiatives in different sectors so that women can (g) — peace with men. But our social set up is (h) ---a barrier in different ways. We should (i) ---our outlook and come forward to (j) ---gender inequality from the society.

7. act damage breed rise result

consider overcome compare

build endeavour

Self-control (a) ---a great power. It (b) ---all other virtues. Man generally (c) ---on impulses and strong desires. Vicious desires (d) ---the purity of heart and mind (e) ---the degradation of human nature. It is the self-control that can help a man (f) ---up a pure character which is very essential (g) ---above the level of inhumanity. Nothing can (h) ---to self-control to (i) ---inhumanity. So, everybody (j)---for being self-controlled.

8. think be defend honour inspire

remember sacrifice die

 

 Patriotism is a noble virtue. It (a)---a man to shed the last drop of blood to (b) ---the freedom of his country. A man without patriotism (c) ---not better than a beast. A true patriot (d) ---by all. He always (e) ---for the welfare of his country. On the other hand, the unpatriotic men (f)--- only for their own interest. Those who (g) ---for the country are true patriots. They (h) ---even after their death. That is why, the freedom fighters who (i) ---their lives in 1971 are remembered and (j) ---forever.

9. understand form consider owe

take respect succeed acquire

admit forget

In an educational institution teacher-student relationship (a) ---to be the most important matter. It is such a relationship that is (b) ---on the basis of mutual (c) ---. A student always (d) ---to his teachers because he cannot but (e) ---help from them in case of (f) ---knowledge. The sensible students never (g) ---their teachers. Moreover, they (h) ---their memorable teachers’ role which helps them (i) ---in life. So, they always (j) ---their teachers.

10. enlighten limit start ensure 

have get remove encourage 

compare educate 

Education (a)--- mankind. It (b)--- to light which (c)--- the darkness of ignorance and helps us to distinguish between right and wrong. The primary purpose of education is the liberation of man from the restrictions of habits and attitudes which (d)--- his humanity. In our country, the govt. (e)--- Food for Education Programme" so that every man (f)--- proper education. The govt, has taken such a programme with a view to (g)--- the poor. In order to (h)--- maximum benefit from education, we must (i)--- our children morally so that they (j)--- love for humanity.

1. Answer

(a) exercises (b) moulding (c) shaping (d) take (e) get

(f) learns (g) influences (h) teach (i) form (j) grow.

2. Ans. a) becomes (b) does not apply/cannot apply (c) mix (d) enriched (e) keep (f) open (g) gives (h) knowing (i) learnt (j) learn/receive.

3. Ans. (a) ensures (b) is (c) not indulge (d) sit (e) treats (f) cut (g) bid (h) prosper (i) possess (j) need.

4. Answer: (a) confined (b) are (c) developed (d) adopting (e) receiving (f) becoming (g) working (h) prove (i) are contributing (j) keeping. 

5. Answer: (a) owe (b) bestowing (c) do not have  (d) belongs (e) should not be (f) show (g) been (h) causing  (i) losing (j) enabled

6. Answer: a) refers b) are treated c) ensuring d) cannot be imagined e) establishing f) has taken f) keep g) creating i) change j) eliminating

7. Answer: (a) is considered (b) breeds (c) acts (d) damage (e) resulting (f) build (g) to rise (h) be compared (i) overcome  (j) should endeavour

8. Answer: (a) inspires b) defend c) is d) is honoured e) thinks f) think g) die h) are remembered i) sacrificed j) will be honoured

9. Answer: a) considered b) formed c) understanding d) owes e) take f) acquiring g) forget h) admit i) succeed j) respect

10. Answer: a) enlightens b) is compared c) removes d) limit e) has started f) gets g) encouraging h) ensure i) educate j) have

Prepared by Noor E Alam

University of Dhaka 

Spoken English

 নিম্নোক্ত ক্ষেত্রগুলোতে who অথবা which এর পরিবর্তে that ব্যবহার করা অধিকতর বাঞ্চনীয়।

(i) the +superlative degree + noun এর পরে 

1. He is the best writer/player/actor that I have ever seen.

2. This book is by far the best one that I have ever read in my life. 

3. Nobel Prize is considered the highest honour that can be achieved in certain fields of work. 

4. Rezaul Karim is the most brilliant man that I've ever worked with. 

(ii) anyone, no + noun, no one, none, all, everything, anything, nothing এর পরে 

1. All that glitters is not gold.

2. There was no one that I could ask for help.

3. Is there anything else that you want to ask?

4. I have no money that I can spare.

(iii) any/the same/the only + noun এর পরে 

1. Man is the only animal that uses language. 

Or, Man is the only animal that can talk.

Or, This is the only one of his novels that are worth reading. 

2. This is the same boy that stole my bag. 

3. She's still the same fun-loving person that I knew at college. 

[তবে the same + something এর ক্ষেত্রে as ব্যবহৃত হয়। 

This is the same mistakes as you made yesterday. 

Yours is the same phone as mine.]

4. Any advice that you can give me would be greatly appreciated. 

(iv) Who, which, what ইত্যাদি Interrogative pronoun দ্বারা শুরু প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যের subject এর পরে 

1. Who am I that should object?

(আমি কে যে আপত্তি করব?)

2. Who was it that won the US open?

   (এটা কে ছিল যে ইউএস ওপেন জিতেছিল?) 

3. What is there that I don't know?

(এমন কি জিনিস আছে যা আমি জানি না) 

4. What is the use of theoretical knowledge that has no practical application? 

(যে তাত্ত্বিক জ্ঞানের বাস্তব প্রয়োগ নেই তার কাজ কি?) 

5. Which year was it that Brazil won the World Cup last? (এটা কোন/কত সাল ছিল যখন ব্রাজিল শেষ বিশ্বকাপ জিতেছিল?) 

(iv) একটি ব্যক্তি আর অন্যটি বস্তু বা জন্তু বুঝায় এমন antecedent এর পরে common relative pronoun রূপে 

1. Many are the men and countries that I've seen.

Spoken

 10 Short sentences for spoken English :

♪আমি আর একমত হতে পারলাম না।

♪I couldn’t agree more.

♪আই কুডেন্ট্ এগ্রি মোর।

♪চিন্তা করার কি আছে?

♪What's there to worry about?

♪ওয়াট্স্ দেয়ার টু ওয়ারি এ্যাবাউট?

♪আমার কোনো আপত্তি নেই।

♪I have no objection.

♪আই হ্যাভ্ নো ওবযেক্শন।

♪আমি মোটেও বোকা নই।

♪I'm not stupid at all.

♪আইম্ নট্ স্টুপিড এট্ ওল্।

♪আমি নিশ্চিতভাবে জানি না।

♪I don’t know for sure.

♪আই ডোন্ট্ নো ফর শুয়োর।

♪আমার নূন্যতম ধারণা নেই।

♪I haven't the slightest idea.

♪আই হ্যাভেন্ট্ দ্যা স্লাইটেস্ট্ আইডিয়া। 

♪আশা করি আমাকে ক্ষমা করবেন।

♪I hope you’ll forgive me.

♪আই হোপ ইউ'ল ফরগিভ মি।

♪আমি এটা মনে রাখব।

♪I'll keep that in mind.

♪আয়িল্ কীপ দ্যাট্ ইন মাইন্ড।

♪আমি দেখব কি করতে পারি।

♪I'll see what I can do.

♪আয়িল্ সী ওয়াট্ আই ক্যান্ ডু।

♪কি সমস্যা হবে বলে মনে হয়?

♪What seems to be the problem?

♪ওয়াট্ সীমস টু বি দ্যা প্রব্লেম? 

Happy learning with :

Noor E Alam 

Spoken English conversation

 20 Short sentences for spoken English :

♪কি শান্তি!

♪What a relief!

♪ওয়াট্ এ রিলিফ!

♪কী কাকতালীয়!

♪What a coincidence!

♪ওয়াট্ এ কোইন্সিডেন্স!

♪কী সমন্বয়!

♪What a combination! 

♪ওয়াট্ এ কম্বিনেশন! 

♪কী প্রত্যাবর্তন! 

♪What a come back!  

♪ওয়াট্ এ কাম ব্যাক্।

♪কী স্বপ্ন!

♪What a dream!

♪ওয়াট্ এ ড্রিম! 

♪কী অভিব্যক্তি!

♪What an expression!

♪ওয়াট্ এন এক্সপ্রেশন! 

♪কি দারুন বুদ্ধি!

♪What an idea!

♪ওয়াট্ এন আইডিয়া! 

♪কী সন্মান!

♪What an honor!

♪ওয়াট্ এন অনার!

♪কি একটা দিন!

♪What a day!

♪ওয়াট্ এ ডেই!

♪কী অনুভূতি!

♪What a feeling!

♪ওয়াট্ এ ফিলিং!

♪কী খেলা!

♪What a game!

♪ওয়াট্ এ গেইম!

♪কি সুন্দর দিন!

♪What a lovely day!

♪ওয়াট্ এ লাভলি ডেই!

♪কী অপমান!

♪What an insult!

♪ওয়াট্ এন ইনসাল্ট!

♪কী জীবন!

♪What a life!

♪ওয়াট্ এ লাইফ! 

♪কি এক রাত!

♪What a night!

♪ওয়াট্ এ নাইট! 

♪কি এক মুহূর্ত!

♪What a moment!

♪ওয়াট্ এ মোমেন্ট!

♪কী কন্ঠ!

♪What a voice!

♪ওয়াট্ এ ভয়েস!

♪কী উত্তর!

♪What an answer!

♪ওয়াট্ এন আনসার! 

♪কী প্রশ্ন!

♪What a question!

♪ওয়াট্ এ কোয়েশ্চেন! 

♪কী আশ্চর্য!

♪What a surprise!

♪ওয়াট্ এ সার্প্রাইজ!

যারা শেষ পর্যন্ত পড়লেন তারা "Done" লিখুন৷ 

Happy learning with:

Noor E Alam Sir 

A liar shepherd

 A liar shepherd completing story : Once upon a time there was a shepherd in a village. He used to tend a flock of sheep in a nearby field. There was a thick forest next to the field. The shepherd was a great liar. He always got pleasure to cheat people with his lies. While tending sheep in the field, he often cried out, “Wolf, Wolf, help, help!”

A liar shepherd completing story

Ans. Once upon a time there was a shepherd in a village. He used to tend a flock of sheep in a nearby field. There was a thick forest next to the field. The shepherd was a great liar. He always got pleasure to cheat people with his lies. While tending sheep in the field, he often cried out, “Wolf, Wolf, help, help!”

Hearing his shouting the farmers usually left their work and rushed to him in order to save him. But the boy laughed and got pleasure thinking that the farmers were foolish.

One day a wolf really came. The boy now cried aloud to attract the farmers. He cried and cried for help. No farmer responded to his crying because they thought that the shepherd was making fun with them. So, they did not come to help the boy. The wolf found the cowboy alone and killed him. After eating his flesh it went away. The liar shepherd was thus punished for his lie.

মিথ্যাবাদি রাখালের পরিণতি

অনুবাদ : একদা এক গ্রামে এক রাখাল ছিল। তিনি পাশের মাঠে ভেড়ার পাল চরাতেন। মাঠের পাশেই ছিল ঘন জঙ্গল। রাখাল বড় মিথ্যাবাদী ছিল। তিনি সবসময় তার মিথ্যা দিয়ে মানুষকে ঠকিয়ে আনন্দ পেতেন। মাঠে ভেড়া চড়ার সময়, তিনি প্রায়ই চিৎকার করে বলতেন, “নেকড়ে, নেকড়ে, সাহায্য, সাহায্য!”

তার চিৎকার শুনে কৃষকরা সাধারণত তাদের কাজ ছেড়ে তাকে বাঁচানোর জন্য তার কাছে ছুটে যেত। কিন্তু কৃষকরা বোকা ভেবে ছেলেটি হেসে আনন্দ পেল।

একদিন সত্যি সত্যি একটা নেকড়ে এলো। ছেলেটি এখন কৃষকদের আকৃষ্ট করার জন্য জোরে জোরে কেঁদে উঠল। তিনি কাঁদলেন এবং সাহায্যের জন্য চিৎকার করলেন। কোন কৃষক তার কান্নার জবাব দেয়নি কারণ তারা ভেবেছিল যে রাখাল তাদের সাথে মজা করছে। তাই, তারা ছেলেটিকে সাহায্য করতে আসেনি। নেকড়ে কাউবয়কে একা পেয়ে মেরে ফেলল। তার মাংস খেয়ে তা চলে গেল। মিথ্যাবাদী রাখালকে এইভাবে তার মিথ্যাচারের জন্য শাস্তি দেওয়া হয়েছিল।

Prepared by Noor E Alam

University of Dhaka